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分析《聊斋志异》中《席方平》篇的思想内容和艺术特点。
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In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1~5, choose the most suitable one from the list A~G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Anybody who has ever been inside a supermarket has encountered greater variety in five minutes than Marco Polo was exposed to in a lifetime. Hundreds of breakfast cereals stand across the aisle from as many different cookies, including enough subspecies of chocolate chip to provide the adventurous a new type each day of the month. 【C1】______ Had Marco Polo had access to a PathMark or a Safeway, he could have been a world-class explorer without traveling anywhere(for breakfast alone, he could have discovered seven kinds of Cheerios).【C2】______ Time is only one of many hidden costs of abundance to our society, according to Swarthmore social psychologist Barry Schwartz in his intermittently brilliant sixth book, "The Paradox of Choice". "As a culture, we are enamored of freedom, self-determination, and variety, and we are reluctant to give up any of our options," he writes with characteristic directness. "Rut clinging tenaciously to all the choices available to us contributes to bad decisions, to anxiety, stress, and dissatisfaction—even to clinical depression. " 【C3】______ Rut, as Schwartz ably documents, we enter an equivalent supermarket of options when deciding where we want to live, for whom we want to work, and even how we want to look. While few have complete autonomy, a combination of technological efficiency and laissez-faire morality have opened more choices to more Americans than ever before. The report that more Americans are also more unhappy than ever before might simply be a perverse coincidence.【C4】______ Yet, the case Schwartz makes for a correlation between our emotional state and what he calls the "tyranny of choice" is compelling, the implications disturbing. From unmet expectations to regret over the road not taken, the perils of living in a multiple-choice society rival in number the variety of snacks in the largest grocery store. Driving this malaise is the problem that "everything suffers from comparison". Schwartz describes a simple experiment in which people are asked whether they"d rather be given $ 100 outright, or gamble on winning $ 200 at the toss of a coin. That the vast majority would prefer the $ 100 may seem strange at first: a 50 percent chance of earning $200 is mathematically equivalent to a 100 percent chance of earning $ 100. Half the people asked ought to opt for the coin toss.【C5】______ Economists capture this phenomenon in the law of diminishing marginal utility(and provide us the formulae to calculate that, psychologically, we"d need winnings of $240 to be equally tempted by the coin toss). How, though, does this asymmetry relate to real-life choices If losses subjectively weigh more heavily than gains, the advantages of any chocolate chip cookie or career path we select will count for less than those of the options we pass up. [A]With so many options to choose from, the poor man would scarcely have had time to get out of town. [B]We may even question the statistics: as the social stigma associated with depression decreases, people may be more open about their listlessness. They may even feel encouraged to consider themselves depressed as the subject receives so much attention in the media. [C]What are we to do Schwartz thinks he has some answers. However, while shrewdly avoiding the age-old call to turn back the hands of time, he stumbles instead headlong into the abyss of gratuitous self-help. [D]However, the alternatives are not psychologically equivalent; Getting twice the money is not twice as pleasurable. The distance between zero and 100 is subjectively greater than the distance between 100 and 200. [E]Rut that"s just the start: The average grocery store stocks 30,000 distinct items, of which 20,000 are unceremoniously dumped and replaced annually. [F]Schwartz"s mistake is to assume that we need answers, an abundance of them, and that such solutions can be produced and consumed as easily as breakfast cereals. [G]Were life limited to shopping for chocolate chip cookies and Cheerios, such a claim might seem exaggerated, if not absurd. 【C4】
In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1~5, choose the most suitable one from the list A~G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Anybody who has ever been inside a supermarket has encountered greater variety in five minutes than Marco Polo was exposed to in a lifetime. Hundreds of breakfast cereals stand across the aisle from as many different cookies, including enough subspecies of chocolate chip to provide the adventurous a new type each day of the month. 【C1】______ Had Marco Polo had access to a PathMark or a Safeway, he could have been a world-class explorer without traveling anywhere(for breakfast alone, he could have discovered seven kinds of Cheerios).【C2】______ Time is only one of many hidden costs of abundance to our society, according to Swarthmore social psychologist Barry Schwartz in his intermittently brilliant sixth book, "The Paradox of Choice". "As a culture, we are enamored of freedom, self-determination, and variety, and we are reluctant to give up any of our options," he writes with characteristic directness. "Rut clinging tenaciously to all the choices available to us contributes to bad decisions, to anxiety, stress, and dissatisfaction—even to clinical depression. " 【C3】______ Rut, as Schwartz ably documents, we enter an equivalent supermarket of options when deciding where we want to live, for whom we want to work, and even how we want to look. While few have complete autonomy, a combination of technological efficiency and laissez-faire morality have opened more choices to more Americans than ever before. The report that more Americans are also more unhappy than ever before might simply be a perverse coincidence.【C4】______ Yet, the case Schwartz makes for a correlation between our emotional state and what he calls the "tyranny of choice" is compelling, the implications disturbing. From unmet expectations to regret over the road not taken, the perils of living in a multiple-choice society rival in number the variety of snacks in the largest grocery store. Driving this malaise is the problem that "everything suffers from comparison". Schwartz describes a simple experiment in which people are asked whether they"d rather be given $ 100 outright, or gamble on winning $ 200 at the toss of a coin. That the vast majority would prefer the $ 100 may seem strange at first: a 50 percent chance of earning $200 is mathematically equivalent to a 100 percent chance of earning $ 100. Half the people asked ought to opt for the coin toss.【C5】______ Economists capture this phenomenon in the law of diminishing marginal utility(and provide us the formulae to calculate that, psychologically, we"d need winnings of $240 to be equally tempted by the coin toss). How, though, does this asymmetry relate to real-life choices If losses subjectively weigh more heavily than gains, the advantages of any chocolate chip cookie or career path we select will count for less than those of the options we pass up. [A]With so many options to choose from, the poor man would scarcely have had time to get out of town. [B]We may even question the statistics: as the social stigma associated with depression decreases, people may be more open about their listlessness. They may even feel encouraged to consider themselves depressed as the subject receives so much attention in the media. [C]What are we to do Schwartz thinks he has some answers. However, while shrewdly avoiding the age-old call to turn back the hands of time, he stumbles instead headlong into the abyss of gratuitous self-help. [D]However, the alternatives are not psychologically equivalent; Getting twice the money is not twice as pleasurable. The distance between zero and 100 is subjectively greater than the distance between 100 and 200. [E]Rut that"s just the start: The average grocery store stocks 30,000 distinct items, of which 20,000 are unceremoniously dumped and replaced annually. [F]Schwartz"s mistake is to assume that we need answers, an abundance of them, and that such solutions can be produced and consumed as easily as breakfast cereals. [G]Were life limited to shopping for chocolate chip cookies and Cheerios, such a claim might seem exaggerated, if not absurd. 【C2】
You arc going to read a text about negotiating rules for a raise, followed by a list of evidences. Choose the best evidence from the list A~F for each numbered subheading(1~5). There is one extra evidence which you do not need to use. Although women have certainly made plenty of progress in the workplace over the past three decades, the glass ceiling remains firmly in place at many companies—especially when it comes to compensation. But some experts now suggest that the wage imbalance between the sexes could have as much to do with women"s failure to negotiate well as any other factor. So how can women—and men too, for that matter negotiate better deals in the workplace Miller recently spoke on the topic at a workshop organized by the Advertising Women of New York. Here"s a crash course on his findings: 【C1】Show enthusiasm. The most important mistake you can make is to act passive and wait for them to lure you with a fantastic offer. 【C2】Know what you want. You"re trying to get a better job than what you have, not a solution to all your problems. 【C3】Avoid showing your hand. In interviews, many candidates are asked: How much do you earn at your current job Do you blurt it out That"s a huge mistake—you lose a major bargaining tool. So how do you deal with it Learn to say that it"s not about the money, but rather the job itself that attracts you to the company. 【C4】Show why you"re the best fit. Start by knowing that you already have the skills for the job if you get an interview, and that they" re talking to at least five other people in the same situation as you. What you have to do is to show that you are the perfect match for their needs. 【C5】Be on the lookout at all times. Even if you love your current job, it"s always good to have one foot in the marketplace. Network, network, network. Meet folks in the same industry by joining a professional organization and participate in high-visibility activities. Get to know people who are in a position to hire you before you"re in a position where you need a job. It"s easier to develop a relationship with people when you don"t need anything from them. Consider joining a social club or working for a charity. It not only helps introduce you to people in your area but also exposes you to people in other fields that you might be interested in exploring. [A]In fact, avoid talking about money until the last leg of the interview process, when they"re ready to make you an offer. Then you"ll know you"re the candidate they want, and the ball is in your court. [B]So don"t get too emotionally attached to the job for which you"re interviewing. Something may seem like a dream job from the outside, but it"s important to remain objective. You should be able to walk away without remorse if they can"t meet what you most want from the job. [C]It helps in determining your own worth and can give you another tool to negotiate a promotion or raise at your current job. So make sure you keep your ears perked up, albeit discreetly. [D]Dance around the number and ask what they"ve budgeted for the position. If pressed, be prepared with a number that reflects your total current compensation, including all benefits and bonus. [E]The car-buying approach with a dealer—"I"ll go elsewhere if you won"t give me the best deal" won"t work with employment. You have to show excitement and enthusiasm and make the employer want you. [F]Ask the right questions about the culture and the job requirements, and pepper the conversation with what your own expectations are. If it"s a team culture, give examples of situations where you have been a great team player. If the company centers more on individual performance, show how you generate great ideas. 【C4】
You arc going to read a text about negotiating rules for a raise, followed by a list of evidences. Choose the best evidence from the list A~F for each numbered subheading(1~5). There is one extra evidence which you do not need to use. Although women have certainly made plenty of progress in the workplace over the past three decades, the glass ceiling remains firmly in place at many companies—especially when it comes to compensation. But some experts now suggest that the wage imbalance between the sexes could have as much to do with women"s failure to negotiate well as any other factor. So how can women—and men too, for that matter negotiate better deals in the workplace Miller recently spoke on the topic at a workshop organized by the Advertising Women of New York. Here"s a crash course on his findings: 【C1】Show enthusiasm. The most important mistake you can make is to act passive and wait for them to lure you with a fantastic offer. 【C2】Know what you want. You"re trying to get a better job than what you have, not a solution to all your problems. 【C3】Avoid showing your hand. In interviews, many candidates are asked: How much do you earn at your current job Do you blurt it out That"s a huge mistake—you lose a major bargaining tool. So how do you deal with it Learn to say that it"s not about the money, but rather the job itself that attracts you to the company. 【C4】Show why you"re the best fit. Start by knowing that you already have the skills for the job if you get an interview, and that they" re talking to at least five other people in the same situation as you. What you have to do is to show that you are the perfect match for their needs. 【C5】Be on the lookout at all times. Even if you love your current job, it"s always good to have one foot in the marketplace. Network, network, network. Meet folks in the same industry by joining a professional organization and participate in high-visibility activities. Get to know people who are in a position to hire you before you"re in a position where you need a job. It"s easier to develop a relationship with people when you don"t need anything from them. Consider joining a social club or working for a charity. It not only helps introduce you to people in your area but also exposes you to people in other fields that you might be interested in exploring. [A]In fact, avoid talking about money until the last leg of the interview process, when they"re ready to make you an offer. Then you"ll know you"re the candidate they want, and the ball is in your court. [B]So don"t get too emotionally attached to the job for which you"re interviewing. Something may seem like a dream job from the outside, but it"s important to remain objective. You should be able to walk away without remorse if they can"t meet what you most want from the job. [C]It helps in determining your own worth and can give you another tool to negotiate a promotion or raise at your current job. So make sure you keep your ears perked up, albeit discreetly. [D]Dance around the number and ask what they"ve budgeted for the position. If pressed, be prepared with a number that reflects your total current compensation, including all benefits and bonus. [E]The car-buying approach with a dealer—"I"ll go elsewhere if you won"t give me the best deal" won"t work with employment. You have to show excitement and enthusiasm and make the employer want you. [F]Ask the right questions about the culture and the job requirements, and pepper the conversation with what your own expectations are. If it"s a team culture, give examples of situations where you have been a great team player. If the company centers more on individual performance, show how you generate great ideas. 【C5】
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