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Rates of depression and anxiety are rising in the modern world. Proposed remedies are numerous. And one that is reaping growing attention is meditation, and mindfulness meditation in particular.The aim is simple: to pay attention--be "mindful". Typically, a teacher will ask you to sit upright, in an alert position. Then, they will encourage you to focus on something straightforward, like the in- and out-flow of breath. The aim is to nurture a curiosity about these sensations--not to explain them, but to know them.It’s a way of concentrating on the here and now, thereby becoming more aware of how the here and now is affecting you. It doesn’t aim directly at the removal of stresses and strains. In fact, it is very hard to develop the concentration necessary to follow your breath, even for a few seconds. What you see is your mind racing from this memory to that moment. But that’s the trick: to observe, and to learn to change the way you relate to the inner sufferings. Therein lies the route to better mental health.Mindfulness, then, is not about ecstatic (入迷的)states. It’s mostly pretty boring and dull. Moreover, it is not a fast track to delightful happiness. It can, in fact, be quite unsettling, as works with painful experiences, to understand them better and thereby get to the root of problems.Research into the benefits of mindfulness seems to support its claims. People prone to depression, say, are less likely to have depressive episodes if they practice meditation. Stress goes down. But it’s more like going on a journey than taking a pill. Though meditation techniques can be learned quickly, it’s no instant remedy and requires discipline.Mindfulness is a practice aimed at caring for yourself. Then, it’s about knowing yourself better, something recognized as a crucial part of living well. It’s striking that today we often don’t take the time to do so. Hence, perhaps, many of the ills of the western world.But mindfulness says:make the time to step back, and here’s a way to do it. It encourages you to be more aware of life, and promises that mindfulness is a source of insight and hope. How can we approach better mental health through mindfulness meditation（）
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甲企业为增值税一般纳税人，增值税税率为17%。原材料采用实际成本核算，原材料发出采用月末一次加权平均法计价。运输费不考虑增值税。 2008年4月，与A材料相关的资料如下： (1)1日，“原材料——A材料”科目余额 20000元(共2000公斤，其中含3月末验收入库但因发票账单未到而以2000元哲估入账的A材料200公斤)。 (2)5日，收到3月末以暂估价入库A材料的发票账单，货款1800元，增值税额306元，对方代垫运输费400元，全部款项已用转账支票付讫。 (3)8日，以汇兑结算方式购入A材料3000公斤，发票账单已收到，贷款36000元，增值税额 6120元，运输费用1000元。材料尚未到达，款项已由银行存款支付。 (4)11日，收到8日采购的A材料，验收时发现只有2950公斤。经检查，短缺的50公斤确定为运输途中的合理损耗，A材料验收入库。 (5)18日，持银行汇票80000元购入A材料 5000公斤，增值税专用发票上注明的贷款为49500元，增值税额为8415元，另支付运输费用2000元，材料已验收入库，剩余票款退回并存入银行。 (6)21日，基本生产车间自制A材料50公斤验收入库，总成本为600元。 (7)30日，根据“发料凭证汇总表”的记录， 4月份基本生产车间为生产产品领用A材料6000公斤，车间管理部门领用A材料1000公斤，企业管理部门领用A材料10000公斤。 要求： (1)计算甲企业4月份发出A材料的单位成本。 (2)根据上述资料，编制甲企业4月份与A材料有关的会计分录。
Proper street behavior in the United States re quires a nice balance of attention and inattention. You are supposed to look at a (62) just enough to show that you are (63) of his presence. If you look too little, you appear proud, (64) much and you are curious. Usually what happens is that people (65) each other until they are about eight feet (66) , at which point both east down their eyes. Sociologist Erring Goffman (67) this as "a kind of dimming of lights."Much of eye behavior is so (68) that we react to it only on the intuitive level. The next time you have a (69) with someone who makes you feel liked, notice what he does with his eyes. (70) are he looks at you more often than is usual with (71) a little longer than the normal. You interpret this as a sign—a polite one— (72) he is interested in you as a person (73) than just in the topic of conversation. Probably you also feel that he is both (74) and sincere.All this has been demonstrated in elaborate (75) . Subjects sit and talk in the psychologist’s laboratory, (76) of the fact that their eye behavior is being (77) from. a one-way vision screen. In one fairly typical experiment, (78) were induced to cheat while performing a task, then were (79) and observed. It was found that those who had (80) met the inter viewer’s eyes less often than was (81) , an indication that "shifty eyes"—to use the mystery writers’ stock phrase—can actually be a tip-off to an attempt to deceive or to feelings of guilt. 79（）
In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small well-oiled cog (齿轮) in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and "human-relations" experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue-and the white-collar workers have become economic puppets (傀儡) who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.The worker and employee are anxious not only because they might find themselves out of a job; they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction of interest in life. They live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings.Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the fight mixture of submissiveness and independence. From that moment on they are tested again and again — by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need. to prove that one is as good as or better than one’s fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness.Am I suggesting that we should return to the pre-industrial mode of production or to nineteenth-century "free enterprise" capitalism Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities — those of all love and of reason — are the aims of social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man. By "a well-oiled cog in the machinery" the author intends to render the idea that man is （） .
Proper street behavior in the United States re quires a nice balance of attention and inattention. You are supposed to look at a (62) just enough to show that you are (63) of his presence. If you look too little, you appear proud, (64) much and you are curious. Usually what happens is that people (65) each other until they are about eight feet (66) , at which point both east down their eyes. Sociologist Erring Goffman (67) this as "a kind of dimming of lights."Much of eye behavior is so (68) that we react to it only on the intuitive level. The next time you have a (69) with someone who makes you feel liked, notice what he does with his eyes. (70) are he looks at you more often than is usual with (71) a little longer than the normal. You interpret this as a sign—a polite one— (72) he is interested in you as a person (73) than just in the topic of conversation. Probably you also feel that he is both (74) and sincere.All this has been demonstrated in elaborate (75) . Subjects sit and talk in the psychologist’s laboratory, (76) of the fact that their eye behavior is being (77) from. a one-way vision screen. In one fairly typical experiment, (78) were induced to cheat while performing a task, then were (79) and observed. It was found that those who had (80) met the inter viewer’s eyes less often than was (81) , an indication that "shifty eyes"—to use the mystery writers’ stock phrase—can actually be a tip-off to an attempt to deceive or to feelings of guilt. 77（）
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