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Stage Fright Fall down as you come onstage. That’s an odd trick. Not recommended. But it saved the pianist Vladimir Felts man when he was a teenager back in Moscow. The veteran cellist Mstislav Rostropovich tripped him purposely to cure him of pre-performance panic, Mr. Felts man said, All my fright was【C1】______. I already fell. What else could happen" Today, music schools are addressing the problem of anxiety in classes that 【C2】______ with performance techniques and career preparation. There are a variety of strategies that musicians can learn to【C3】______stage fright and its symptoms; icy fingers, shaky limbs, racing heart, blank mind. Teachers and psychologists offer wide-ranging advice, from basics like learning pieces inside out, 【C4】______mental discipline, such as visualizing a performance and taking steps to relax. Don’t【C5】______that you’re jittery,they urge; some excitement is natural, even necessary for dynamic playing. And play in public often, simply for the experience. Psychotherapist Diane Nichols suggests some【C6】______for the moments before performance, "Take two deep abdominal breaths, open up your shoulders, then smile," she says. "And not one of these ’ please don’t kill me’ smiles. Then【C7】______three friendly faces in the audience, people you would communicate with and make music to, and make eye contact with them. " She doesn’t want performers to think of the audience【C8】______a judge. Extreme demands by mentors or parents are often at the【C9】______of stage fright,says Dorothy Delay, a well-known violin teacher. She tells other teachers to demand only what their students are able to achieve. When Lynn Harrell was 20, he became the principal cellist of the Cleveland Orchestra, and he suffered extreme stage fright. "There were times when I got so【C10】______I was sure the audience could see my chest responding to the throbbing. It was just total panic. I came to a 【C11】______where I thought,If I have to go through this to play music, I think I’m going to look for another job." Recovery, he said, involved developing humility—recognizing that 【C12】______his talent, he was fallible,and that an imperfect concert was not a disaster. It is not only young artists who suffer, of course. The legendary pianist Vladimir Horowitz’s nerves were famous. The great tenor Franco Corelli is another example. "They had to push him on stage,’’ Soprano Renata Scotto recalled. 【C13】______, success can make things worse. "In the beginning of your career, when you’re scared to death, nobody knows who you are, and they don’t have any【C14】______, "Soprano June Anderson said. "There’s【C15】______to lose. Later on, when you’re known, people are coming to see you, and they have certain expectations. You have a lot to lose. Anderson added, "I never stop being nervous until I’ve sung my last note. " 【C15】
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Better Control of TB Seen If a Faster Cure Is Found The World Health Organization estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis(结核病). Most times, the infection remains inactive(不活跃的). But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB, usually in their lungs. Two million people die of it. The disease has increased with the spread of AIDS and drug - resistant forms of tuberculosis. Current treatments take at least six months. Patients have to take a combination of several antibiotic(抗生素)drugs daily. But many people stop as soon as they feel belter. Doing that can lead to an infection(传染病)that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how effective it might be. A professor of international health at Harvard University led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients cured. It would also mean fewer infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others. The researchers developed a mathematical(数学的)model to examine the effects of a two -month treatment plan. They tested the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it might prevent about twenty-five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these reductions would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve. The World Health Organization developed the DOTS program in nineteen ninety. DOTS(短 期直接观察治疗)is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make sure they continue treatment. Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research into new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development(全球结核病药物开发联盟)says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses. The mathematical model tested in Southeast Asia shows that a faster cure is developed and in wide use as early as the year of______
如果人眼可分辨的灰阶范围为15～20Hu，当窗宽范围为1600，则可分辨最小会阶的CT值(Hu)范围是
Ebola Outbreak1 You are likely aware that several countries in West Africa are battling an Ebola outbreak. Ebola is a dangerous and often lethal viral infection. Scientists believe that humans contracted the virus by eating the meat of rare animals. It is now believed that bats are the primary carriers of the virus.2 To date, there are only three major countries in West Africa experiencing a major outbreak: Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea. However, other countries such as Nigeria have reported confirmed cases of Ebola with their border.3 Unless you recently visited one of the three affected West countries, your risk of contracting the virus is virtually zero. Unlike other recent airborne virus outbreaks like SARS, the Ebola virus can only be spread through direct contact with an infected person. Specifically, Ebola is spread through contact with body fluids. Though the vims is transmittable, only an infected person exhibiting symptoms is communicable.4 The signs and symptoms of Ebola are non-specific and patients typically exhibit them after a week of contracting the virus. Symptoms may appear as early as two days or as late as three weeks after initial infection. Symptoms include disgust, weakness and stomach pain. More uncommon symptoms include chest pain, bleeding and sore throat.5 Ebola is devastating because of its ability to attack and replicate in every organ of the body. This causes an overstimulation of the body’s inflammatory response, causing the flu-like symptoms. The virus also causes bleeding and impairs the body’s normal clotting mechanism(凝血机制), making bleeding even more severe. Loss of blood volume and decreased organ perfusion(器官灌注)ultimately lead to organ failure and death.6 The current outbreak is the deadliest viral outbreak in over 35 years. While diseases such as the malaria(疟疾)are far more communicable, Ebola is one of the world’s most fatal viral infections. Ebola’s fatality rate exceeds that of SARS.A Am I at risk of contracting the virusB Is the current outbreak the deadliestC How do I know if I have contracted the virusD What areas are currently affectedE What exactly does Ebola do to the bodyF What caused the Ebola outbreak Paragraph 5______
A infected body fluidsB against the outbreak severityC the mode of transmissionD the initial days of being infectedE three countries in West AfricaF within a wide range of days The Ebola virus transmits by contact with______.
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