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听力原文： If you are a college student, there are several things you should know about renting an apartment. First, you must know how to look for a place to live: Friends, teachers, and other people you meet may know of apartments that are available. You may also find a place to live by looking in the campus or city newspapers. In some towns, there are rental agencies that can help you find an apartment, but think carefully about using agencies. Usually they will charge you a fee. You should also walk around and look for buildings with For Rent signs.
When you go to lo0k at apartments to rent, there are several things you ought to do. First, you should find out if the apartment is safe. Be sure there are good locks on all the windows and doors. It is also a good idea to check all the appliances as well as the water and electricity to be sure everything is working. It might also be a good idea to talk to other people who rent apartments in the same building. This will help you to find out if there are any problems.
If you decide to rent an apartment, the landlord will probably want you to sign a lease. This is a legal contract, and you ought to read it carefully. You will also need to pay a security deposit. If there is no damage, the landlord has to return this money to you when you leave.
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What causes earthquakes？ The earth is formed of layers. The surface of the earth, about 200 kilometers thick, is made of large pieces. When they move against each other, an earthquake happens. A large movement causes a violent earthquake, but a small movement causes a mild one.
Earthquakes last only a few seconds. The rolling movements are called seismic waves. The seismic waves start in one place, called the epicenter, and roll outward. A seismic wave travels a round the earth in about twenty minutes. Usually, an earthquake is strong enough to cause dam age only near its epicenter.
However, epicenters at the bottom of the ocean create huge sea waves as tall as 15 meters. These waves cross the ocean in several hours. Rushing toward land, they destroy small islands and ships in their path. When they hit land, they flood coastal areas far from the epicenter of the earthquake. In 1868, a wave reached 4.5 kilometers inland in Peru. In 1896, a wave in Japan killed 27,000 people.
After an earthquake happens, people can die from lack of food, water, and medical supplies. The amount of destruction caused by an earthquake depends on where it happens, what time it happens, and how strong it is. It also depends on types of buildings, soil conditions, and population. Of the 6000 earthquakes in the world each year, only about fifteen cause great damage and many deaths.
In 1556, an earthquake in northern China killed 830,000 people—the most in history. There was no way to measure its strength. In 1935, scientists started using the Richter Scale to measure seismic waves. A seriously destructive earthquake measures 6.5 or higher on the Richter Scale.
How can scientists predict earthquakes？ Earthquakes are not just scattered anywhere but hap pen in certain areas, places where pieces of the earth's surface meet. This pattern causes them to shake the same places many times. For example, earthquakes often occur on the west coasts of North and South America, around the Mediterranean Sea, and along the Pacific coast of Asia.
Another way to predict earthquakes is to look for changes in the earth's surface, like a sudden drop of water level in the ground. Some people say animals can predict earthquakes. Before earth quakes, people have seen chickens sitting in trees, fish jumping out of the water, snakes leaving their holes, and other animals acting strangely.
On February 4, 1975, scientists predicted an earthquake in northeastern China and told people in the earthquake zone to leave the cities. More than a million people moved into the surrounding countryside, into safe, open fields away from buildings. That afternoon, the ground rolled and shook beneath the people's feet. In seconds, 90 percent of the buildings in the city of Haicheng were destroyed. The decision to tell the people to leave the cities saved 10,000 lives.
However, more than a year later, on July 28, 1976, the scientists were not so lucky. East of Beijing, Chinese scientists were discussing a possible earthquake. During their meeting, the worst earthquake in modern times hit. Estimates of deaths ranged from 250,000 to 695,000. The earth quake measured 7.9 on the Richter Scale.
Earthquakes often come together with volcanic eruptions. In late 1984, strong earthquakes began shaking the Nevado Del Ruiz volcano in Colombia every day. On November 14, 1985, it erupted. A nearby fiver became a sea of mud that buried four towns. This disaster killed more than 2100 people.
Mexico City has frequent earthquakes. An earthquake there on September 19, 1985, measured 8.1 on the Richter Scale and killed 7000 people. Most victims died when buildings fell on them.
San Francisco, California, also has frequent earthquakes. However, newer buildings there are built to be safe in earthquakes. Therefore, when an earthquake measuring 7.1 on the Ri
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