What are some examples of ecological complexity, i.e., a situation where the impacts of human action are distant in time and space from the activity that produces those impacts?(Please choose all that apply. Tip: think beyond the example outlined in Garry's lecture)
A. Impact of persistent organic pollutants, such as mercury, on people living in the Arctic
B. Impact of climate change caused sea level rise on Polynesian islands
C. Impact of excess nutrients from Mid-west USA farming on Gulf of Mexico fisheries
D. Impact of Shanghai's rapid urbanization on availability of farmland near Shanghai
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What are important resilience strategies?(Please select one answer)
A. Build capacity to bounce back from change, increase control
B. Reduce trade-offs and plan for desired futures
C. Maximize resilience and prevent change
D. Enhance ability to navigate change and prepare for the unexpected
Resilience thinking is well suited to situations that are:(Please select one answer)
A. Well understood
B. Difficult to control
C. Linear
D. Predictable
What is the key point about the fact that we may have entered the Anthropocene and the main implication of the “3-6-9 world”.(Please select one answer)
A. Human activities are pushing planetary development onto an undesired trajectory where humankind is now in the driving seat for navigating the future of humanity
B. Natural disasters are replaced by human caused disasters, for example, the Anthropocene implies the increasing occurrence of global scale pandemics
C. Humanity can expect to face the same extreme temperature and environmental variability as our distant ancestors
What do the figures “3-6-9" mean?(Please select one answer)
A. 3 years left to peak our global carbon emissions – 6 polar bears left in the Arctic – 9 people whose responsibility it is to change the world
B. 3° Celsius warming this century – the 6th mass extinction of species – A world of 9 billion people by 2050
C. 3° Celsius warming by 2050 – the 6th largest extinction of species – A world of 9 billion people by 2050
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