题目内容
In the (11) , the only known way, to India from Europe involved traveling through Turkey. When the Turks (12) a new tax on Europe’s profitable overland trade with India in 1453, Portugal and Spain began to look for an alternate sea route to India. Their (13) brought Europe into contact with North and South America. (14) a century, much of these two vast continents would come under European control. It was not until 1498 that Vasco da. Gama found the allsea route to India— (15) .the horn of Africa.
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If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise and as a result, we are aging unnecessarily soon. Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age and how the process of aging could be slowed down. With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations. Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect and emotion, and determine the human character. The rear section of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing, does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual on emotional faculties (功能). Contraction of front and side parts—as cells die off—was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in sixty-and seventy-year-old. Matsuzaswa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the contraction normally associated with age—using the head. The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed, by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant.Matsuzawa’’s findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from thinking. Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells needed. "The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain." he says, "Think hard and engage in conversation. Don’’t rely on pocket calculators." The doctor’’s test show that________.
I didn’t see your sister at school. If she ______ (come), I would have given her the telephone number.
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