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Part B Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ. Almost all our major problems involve human behavior, and they cannot be solved by physical and biological technology alone. What is needed is a technology of behavior, but we have been slow to develop the science from which such a technology might be drawn. 61) One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on. Physics and biology once followed similar practices and advanced only when they discarded them. 62) The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find. The environment is obviously important, but its role has remained obscure. It does not push or pull, it selects, and this function is difficult to discover and analyze. 63) The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied. As the interaction between organism and environment has come to be understood, however, effects once assigned to states of mind, feelings, and traits are beginning to be traced to accessible conditions , and a technology of behavior may therefore become available. It will not solve our problems, however, until it replaces traditional prescientific views, and these are strongly entrenched. Freedom and dignity illustrate the difficulty. 64) They are the possessions of the autonomous (self- governing) man of traditional theory, and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements. A scientific analysis shifts both the responsibility and the achievement to the environment. It also raises questions concerning "values." Who will use a technology and to what ends 65) Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected. and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems. The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied
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Mrs. Jones was over eighty, but she still drove her old car like a woman half her age. She loved driving very fast, and was proud of the fact (61) she had never, in her thirty-five-year driving, been punished a (62) driving offence(违法).Then one day she nearly (63) her recorD．A police car (64) her, and the policemen in it saw her (65) a red lighr without stopping. Of course, she was stopped．It seemed (66) that she would be punished． (67) Mrs. Jones come up to the judge, he looked at her seriously and said that she was (68) old to drive a car, and that the (69) why she had not stopped at the red (70) was most probably that her eyes had become weak (71) old age, so that she had simply not seen it. When the judge had finished what he was (72) , Mrs. Jones opened the big handbag she was (73) and took out her sewing. Without saying a word, she (74) a needle with a very small eye, and threaded it at her first attempt.When she had (75) done this, she took the thread out of the needle again and handed (76) the needle and the thread to the judge, saying," Now it is your (77) . I suppose you drive a car, and that you are quite sure about your own eyesight. "The judge took the (78) and tried to thread it. After half a dozen tries, he had still not succeeded．The case against Mrs. Jones was (79) , and her record (80) unbroken. 79（）
工资大多是用现金支付，所以在编制直接人工预算时，还需要单独编制与支付直接人工成本有关的预计现金支出。
一个投资项目可行的标志是投资收益等于投资所需资金的成本。
Section Ⅰ Listening Comprehension Section Ⅱ Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET Ⅰ. Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened (21) As was discussed before, it was not (22) the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre - electronic (23) , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the (24) of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution (25) up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading (26) through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures (27) the 20th - century world of the motor car and the airplane] Not everyone sees that process in (28) . It is important to do so. It is generally recognized, (29) , that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, (30) by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, (31) its impact on the media was not immediately (32) . As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they be came "personal" too, as well as (33) , with display becoming sharper and storage (34) increasing. They were thought of, like people, (35) generations, with the distance between generations much (36) . It was within the computer age that the term "information society" began to be widely used to describe the (37) within which we now live. The communications revolution has (38) both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been (39) view about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. "Benefits" have been weighed (40) "harmful" outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult. Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.21()
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