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TEXT D The year 1400 opened with more peacefulness than usual in England. Only a few months before, Richard II, weak, wicked, and treacherous, had been deposed (废黜), and Henry IV declared king in his stead. But it was only a seeming peacefulness, lasting for but a little while; for though King Henry proved himself a just and a merciful man—as justice and mercy went with the men of iron of those days—and though he did not care to shed blood needlessly, there were many noble families who had been benefited by King Richard during his reign, and who had lost somewhat of their power and prestige from the coming in of the new king. Among these were a number of great lords who had been degraded from their former rifles and estates, from which degradation King Richard had lifted them. They planned to fail upon King Henry and his followers and to massacre (屠杀) them during a great tournament (中世纪马上比武大会) which was being held at Oxford. And they might have succeeded had not one of their own members betrayed them. But Henry did not appear at the lists; whereupon, knowing that he had been lodging at Windsor with only a few attendants, the conspirators marched there against him. In the meantime, the king had been warned of the plot, so that instead of finding him in the royal castle, they discovered through their scouts that he had hurried to London, and that he was marching against them at the head of a considerable army. So nothing was left but flight. One and another, they were all caught and some killed. Those few who found friends faithful and bold enough to afford them shelter dragged those friends down in their own min. How did King Henry find out about the plot
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There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degree of health and wealth and other comforts of life, one becomes happy and the other becomes unhappy. This arises from the different ways in which they consider things, persons, events and the resulting effects upon their minds. People who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things: the pleasant parts of conversation, the well prepared dishes, the goodness of the wine and the fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things. Therefore, they are continually dissatisfied. By their remarks, they sour the pleasure of society, hurt many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind was founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied. The intention of criticizing (批评) and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation (模仿). It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it realize its bad effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit. Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious results in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many others; nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect. This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at getting some advantages in social position or fortune, nobody wishes them success. Nor will anyone start a step or speak a word to favor their hopes. If they bring on themselves public objections, no one will defend or excuse them, and many will join to criticize their wrongdoings. These people should change this bad habit and be pleased with what is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about themselves and others. If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact (接触) with them. Otherwise, it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels. People who are unhappy ______.
TEXT C The Virus Hunters The mouth of the Amazon River has long been a starting place for hunters going to the jungles of Brazil. In recent years it has been, too, the headquarters for a middle-aged American couple who hunt the smallest living things and perhaps the most deadly viruses. Dr Causey and his wife have discovered more new types and more old ones in new places than all of the other search teams. Dr. Causey insists that the couple’s success is due more to the number of viruses in the forests of the Amazon than to the skill he and his wife have developed during their eighteen years of work in Brazil. "We have found the loveliest diseases fight in our backyard," he told me one day as we walked through a light rain along a jungle trail. "Oh, these viruses are here all fight. There is in the jungle a great pool of disease which is carried in the blood of animals and birds. Some of the diseases can be caught by people. It may be that we shall find that the jungle is a great center of virus disease and that it overflows from here to other parts of the world. It may be that birds carry the viruses to far countries. It may be that some viruses which presently reproduce in man without making him ill, may change and become deadly to him. ’Viruses waiting for a disease,’ they are sometimes called. This is just an idea, you understand. We do not know, but it is important that we find out, and the first step in finding out is to learn what viruses there are in the jungles." There is a Brazilian story about the beginning of the world which goes: "When God was making the world he tried to keep everything in balance. When he made a desert, he provided it with some green places. When he made a land that was beautiful, he gave it storms and other terrible things caused by the weather, where the earth was rich below the surface, it was also made hard to live on, where the land could be farmed, the weather was made too hot or too cold or too dry. Where there was enough water, God made it so that there should sometimes be too much water. "But in one place God made a land that was rich, where everything grew easily, where it was not too hot and certainly not too cold, where animals were plentiful and fruit hung from the trees all the year round." "The angels looked at this loveliness and were jealous of man. They asked God if this was not too beautiful, too much like heaven, this valley of the Amazon." And God said, "True, this land looks like heaven, but wait until you see what happens to man when he tries to live in it." When the author cited the Brazilian legend he was ______.
投资者在承担较高风险的同时都能获得较高收益。( )
TEXT E Democrats following the presidential campaign are divided into two factions these days: people who are frustrated that John Kerry isn’t crushing President Bush in polls, and people who say Kerry is in great shape compared to past challengers. "Gas prices are up, the stock market is down, Iraq is a mess, and John Kerry is saying to himself, ’How am I going to beat this guy’" David Letterman joked Monday night on CBS, summing up the sentiments of the first group. Kerry’s team says it’s amazing that he’s fled with a wartime president after a $60 million ad campaign against him. "They (the Bush campaign) thought they would unleash this and we would be standing before you dead. That is not the case," Kerry’s campaign manager, Mary Beth Cahill, said in an interview Tuesday. Bush has been under siege for weeks over violence against Americans in Iraq and the Iraqi prisoner-abuse scandal. Despite Bush’s difficult stretch, most polls show the presidential race tied. Kerry’s inability to break away, along with perceived missteps by him and his campaign, has fueled so many critiques that online commentator Mickey Kaus of Slate has started a "Dem Panic Watch" — a catalog of columns and stories about everything from Kerry team infighting to advice to lighten up. "I’ve always thought Kerry was a terrible candidate," Kaus, a Democrat, said in an interview. "I think he is proving that ... now. Democrats are definitely panicking." But Paul Begala, an architect of Bill Clinton’s 1992 victory, said Democrats "whining about Kerry have no sense of history, no sense of strategy." Case in point: Clinton was in third place behind President George H.W. Bush and Ross Perot at this point in 1992. Who are the two candidates in American presidential campaign this year
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