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Nuclear AgeThe Oyster Creek nuclear plant in New Jersey opened when the Beatles were still together, and since 1969 its single 645-MW boiling-water reactor has provided enough energy to power 600,000 homes annually. But the oldest nuclear plant in the U.S. will be retired a little (26) Last year its owner, Exelon, announced that it would (27) Oyster Creek in 2019, 10 years ahead of schedule. The reason: the (28) plant costs too much to keep running (29) .The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster has focused new attention on the (30) future of the American atomic sector. But the U.S. nuclear industry was already facing a very (31) problem: its aging fleet of reactors. Nuclear plants were built with 40-year licenses that can theoretically be (32) to 60 or even 80 years. Half the country’s 104 reactors are more than 30 years old and (33) middle age. So far, 62 plants have been (34) 20-year extensions, and 20 more have applications pending. (35) like the one in Fukushima, the oldest plants in the U.S. (36) to have fewer safety measures. If regulators crack down, operators could (37) -as Exelon did with Oyster Creek—that upgrading is not worth the 38 and shut down the plants If no new nuclear plants are built to (39) them, nuclear could fade into obsolescence. Ironically, that could have (40) environmental effects. A report by the Breakthrough Institute, an energy think tank, found that replacing all U.S. nuclear (41) a mix of coal and gas would raise carbon (42) 9% by 2030. "We need to understand that there would be (43) to pulling back on nuclear," says Michael Levi, a senior fellow for energy and the environment at the Council on Foreign Relations. (44) a great athlete, nuclear power may be (45) after it retires. (33) should choose （）
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Why Are Women More Vulnerable to Broken Hearts0. Women are a lot more likely to suffer a broken heart than men, researchers say. The good news is that it probably won’t kill you.1. In the first national study of its kind, researchers at the University of Arkansas looked at rates of "broken heart syndrome"—when a sudden shock or prolonged stress causes heart attack-like symptoms or heart failure—and found that it overwhelmingly affects women. Women are at least seven times more likely than men to suffer the syndrome, and older women are at greater risk than younger ones, according to data presented Wednesday at the American Heart Association conference in Orlando.2. Broken heart syndrome can happen in response to shocking or suddenly emotional events—both positive ones like winning the lottery, or negative ones like a car accident or the unexpected death of a loved one. A flood of stress hormones and adrenaline causes part of the heart to enlarge temporarily and triggers symptoms that can look like heart attack: chest pain, shortness of breath, irregular heart rhythm. The difference is that the factors that would normally cause heart attack, such as a blocked artery, aren’t present. Most sufferers usually recover within a week or two, but in rare cases—about 1%—people die of the condition.3. Doctors have long known about broken heart syndrome—first described by Japanese researchers two decades ago- and that it seemed to occur mostly in women. So, Dr. Abhishek Deshmukh, a cardiologist at the University of Arkansas who has treated women with broken heart syndrome, became curious about just how gender-specific the condition was. Using a federal database that included data from roughly 1,000 hospitals, Deshmukh found 6,229 cases of broken heart syndrome in 2007. Of those, only 671—just under 11%—were in men. He found that, overall, women had about 7.5 times the risk of broken heart syndrome as men; in people under 55, women were at 9.5 times greater risk than men. Women over 55 were also three times more likely to suffer broken heart syndrome than younger women.4. Researchers don’t know what causes the gender disparity, but they have some ideas. One theory is that hormones play a role. Another is that men have more adrenalin receptors on cells in their hearts than women do, "so maybe men are able to handle stress better" and the chemical surge it releases. Deshmukh said.5. About 10% of sufferers will have a second episode at some point, but most return to full heart function without permanent damage or need for follow-up treatment. So, it looks like the way to mend a broken heart is what Mom always said: just give it time. When encountering a shock or a sudden emotional event, a person’s body releases （）.
某省重点工程项目计划于2008年12月28日开工，由于工程复杂，技术难度高，一般施工队伍难以胜任，业主自行决定采取邀请招标方式。于2008年9月8日向通过资格预审的A、 B、C、D、E五家施工承包企业发出了投标邀请书。该五家企业均接受了邀请，并于规定时间 9月20～22日购买了招标文件。招标文件中规定，10月18日下午4时是招标文件规定的投标截止时间，11月10日发出中标通知书。在投标截止时间前，A、B、D、E四家企业提交了投标文件，但C企业于10月18日下午 5时才送达，原因是路途堵车。10月21日下午由当地招标投标监督管理办公室主持进行了公开开标。评标委员会成员由7人组成，其中当地招标监督管理办公室1人、公证处1人、招标人1人、技术经济方面专家4人。评标时发现E企业投标文件虽无法定代表人签字和委托人授权书，但投标文件均已有项目经理签字并加盖了单位公章。评标委员会于10月28日提出了书面评标报告。B、A企业分列综合得分第一名、第二名。由于B企业投标报价高于A企业，11月10日招标人向A企业发出了中标通知书，并于12月12日签订了书面合同。问题1．业主自行决定采取邀请招标方式的做法是否妥当说明理由。2．C企业和E企业的投标文件是否有效分别说明理由。3．请指出开标工作的不妥之处，说明理由。4．请指出评标委员会成员组成的不妥之处，说明理由。5．招标人确定A企业为中标人是否违规说明理由。6．合同签订的日期是否违规说明理由。
Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency ( crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories (21) on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior (22) they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through (23) with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in (24) to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, (25) as a rejection of middle-class values. Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, (26) the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes (27) lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are (28) to criticism. Changes in the social structure may indirectly (29) juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that (30) to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment (31) make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in (32) lead more youths into criminal behavior. Families have also (33) changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents; (34) , children are likely to have less supervision at home (35) was common in the traditional family structure. 30().
Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency ( crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories (21) on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior (22) they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through (23) with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in (24) to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, (25) as a rejection of middle-class values. Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, (26) the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes (27) lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are (28) to criticism. Changes in the social structure may indirectly (29) juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that (30) to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment (31) make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in (32) lead more youths into criminal behavior. Families have also (33) changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents; (34) , children are likely to have less supervision at home (35) was common in the traditional family structure. 33().
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