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癌变是一个很严重的问题。在从皮肤细胞转换成诱导性多功能细胞的过程中，利用逆转录病毒作为“特洛伊木马”，虽然能将“士兵”输送到“城内”，但是它们会把自身遗传物质直接整合到宿主细胞的DNA上，成为基凶组的一部分。这种能力可以让外来基因永久性地插入宿主细胞，并且一直表达。如果病毒基因不幸插入细胞基因组的特定位置，就可能导致DNA受到破坏，使细胞发生癌变。 文段中的“这种能力”是指( )。
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Attempts to understand the relationship between social behavior and health have their origin in history. Dubos (1969) suggested that primitive humans were closer to the animals (1) they, too, relied’upon their instincts to stay healthy. Yet some primitive humans (2) a cause and effect relationship between doing certain things and alleviating (3) of a disease or (4) the condition of a wound. (5) there was so much that primitive humans did not (6) the functioning of the body, magic became an integral component ofthe beliefs about the causes and cures of heath (7) Therefore it is not (8) that early humans thought that illness was caused (9) evil spirit. Primitive medicines made from vegetables or animals were invariably used in combination with some form of ritual to (10) harmful spirit from a diseased body.One of the. earliest (11) in the Western world to formulate principles of health care based upon rational thought and (12) of supernatural phenomena is found in the work of the Greek physician Hippocrates. The writing (13) to him has provided a number of principles underiying modern medical practice. One of his most famous (14) , the Hippocratic Oath, is the foundation of contemporary medical ethics.Hippocrates also argued that medical knowledge should be derived from a (15) of the natural science and the logic of cause and effect relationships. In this (16) thesis, On Air, Water, and Places, Hippocrates pointed out that human well-being is (17) by the totality of environmental (18) : living habits or lifestyle, climate, geography of the land, and the quality of air, and food. (19) enough, concerns about our health and the quality of air, water, and places are (20) very much written in twentieth century. 14（）
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