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Passage Two The component of the healthy personality that is the first to develop is the sense of the trust. The crucial time for its emergence is the first year of life. As with other personality components, the sense of trust is not something that develops independent of other manifestations of growth. It is not that infants learn how to use their bodies for purposeful movement, learn to recognize people and objects around them, and also develop a sense of trust. Rather, the concept "sense of trust" is a shortcut expression intended to convey the characteristic flavor of all the child’s satisfying experiences at this early age. Or, to say it another way, this psychological formulation serves to condense, summarize, and synthesize the most important underlying changes, which give meaning to the infant’s concrete and diversified experience. Trust can exist only in relation to something. Consequently, a sense of trust cannot develop until infants are old enough to be aware of objects and persons and to have some feeling that they are separate individuals. At about 3 months of age, babies are likely to smile, if somebody comes close and talks to them. This shows that they are aware of the approach of the other person, that pleasurable sensations are aroused. If, however, the person moves too quickly or speaks too sharply, these babies may look and cry. They will not "trust" the unusual situation but will have a feeling of uneasiness, of mistrust, instead. Experience connected with feeding are a prime source for the development of trust. At around 4 months of age, a hungry baby will grow quiet and show signs of pleasure at the sound of an approaching footstep, anticipating (trusting) that he or she will be held and fed. This repeated experience of being hungry, seeing food, receiving food, and feeling relieved and comforted assures the baby that the world is a dependable place. Later experiences, starting at around 5 months of age, add another dimension to the sense of trust. Though endless repetitions of attempts to grasp for and hold objects, most babies are finally successful in controlling and adapting their movements in such a way as to reach their goal. Through these and other feats of muscular coordination, babies are gradually able to trust their own bodies to do their bidding. Studies of mentally-ill individuals and observations of infants who have been grossly deprived of affection suggest that trust is an early-formed and important element in the healthy personality. Psychiatrists find again and again that the most serious illnesses occur in patients who have been sorely neglected or abused or otherwise deprived of love in infancy. Similarly, it is a common finding of psychological and social investigators that individuals diagnosed as "psychopathic personalities" were so unloved in infancy that they have no reason to trust the human race and therefore, no feeling of responsibility toward their fellow human beings. Which of following statements is NOT true according to the development of a sense of trust
In the following passage, there are 25 blanks representing words that are missing from the context. You are to put back in each of the blanks the missing word. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. The time for this section is 25 minutes. Of all the employed workers in the United States, 12.5 million are part of a temporary workforce. The United States Bureau of Labor Statistics counts 9.2 percent of workers as those who have (1) they term "alternative employment arrangements." The government predicts that temporary staffing agencies (2) experience growth of 49 percent by 2010. If numbers increase at the rate (3) , these companies will add 1.9 million new jobs by 2010. That’s more than any (4) industry. Temporary workers were the first ones to be affected by the recent economic recession, but they are (5) to be the first to regain positions as the economy picks up and companies work to rebuild. Employers use temporary workers as a resource because (6) offer flexibility and come at a low cost. Many temporaries are categorized as "independent contractors" instead of employees, (7) allows the employer to avoid (8) certain taxes. Because they are not required to offer benefits to temporary workers, companies can save a great deal of money by hiring temps. Usually, temporary workers can qualify (9) benefits if they work for a staffing company for a certain length of time. Most temps, however, do not continue with one company long (10) to qualify for them because they regard the position as a step on the ladder to a (11) position later. According to Richard Wahlquist, president of the American Staffing Association, 75 (12) of temporary workers hope for transition out of the temporary staffing category (13) a period of time. Wahlquist finds that temporary workers spend about 11 weeks on various assignments before their (14) out of the temporary workforce. Many use temporary positions to gain experience and skills (15) they move on to better jobs. Wahquist says that the temp workforce as a whole turns (16) 400 percent each year. Tom Dilworth, research director at the Employment Policies Institute, explains (17) some workers like having temporary jobs (18) it affords them a great deal of elasticity with time and everything. Some temps only have a limited (19) of time to work and temp agencies can help coordinate jobs to fit their schedules. Other sometimes-employees use temporary jobs to get an (20) to a company from the inside, to get a foot in the door of a certain business or career. (21) others take temporary positions in hopes their employers will change them over to permanent positions eventually. Nearly all the industries in the United States use temporary workers. (22) to Tim Costello, coordinator of the North American Alliance for Fair Employment, the growth of temporary labor threatens (23) job security of permanent workers who fear replacement,as well as the temps who are more accustomed to turnover. He predicts that there will continueto (24) a gradual shift from permanent employees to contingent staffing, and that such a (25) in workplace demographics will "lead to lower wages, poorer working conditions, and more instability."
2岁患儿，自幼反复肺炎，身体瘦弱。查体：发育落后，胸骨左缘第2肋间听到收缩期、舒张期双期杂音，X线示左房、左室增大，最可能的诊断为
Directions: Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choice the best one and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Humans are unique in the extent to which they can reflect on themselves and others. Humans are able to (21) , to think in abstract terms, to reflect on the future. A meaningless, (22) world is an insecure world. We do not like extensive insecurity. When it (23) to human behavior we infer meaning and (24) to make the behavior understandable. (25) all this means is that people develop "quasi theories" of human behavior, that is, theories that are not developed in a(an) (26) , scientific manner. When doing so, people believe they know (27) humans do the things they do. Let’s consider an example. In the United States people have been (28) with the increasing amount of crime for several years. The extent of crime bothers us; we ourselves could be victims. But it (29) bothers us that people behave in such ways. Why can such things happen We develop quasi theories. We (30) concerned about the high crime rate, but we now believe we (31) it: our criminal justice system is (32) ; people have grown selfish and inconsiderate as our moral values weaken (33) the influence of liberal ideas; too many people are (34) drugs. These explanations suggest possible solutions. (35) the courts; put more people in jail as examples to other lawbreaker. There is now hope that the problem of crime can be solved if only we (36) these solutions. Again, the world is no longer meaningless nor (37) so threatening. These quasi theories (38) serve a very important function for us. But how accurate are they How (39) will the suggested solutions be These questions must be answered with (40) to how people normally go about developing or attaining their quasi theories of human behavior.
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