2. Which cranial nerves are involved in sending gustatory signals to the central brain?
A. (A) cranial nerves I, V, X
B. (B) cranial nerves Ⅳ, Ⅶ , Ⅷ
C. (C) cranial nerves Ⅶ, Ⅸ, X
D. (D) cranial nerves Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ
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1. What is the function of PKD2L1 gene in taste sensation?
A. (A) responsible for detecting carbonation
B. (B) responsible for detecting oxygenation
C. (C) responsible for detecting sweetness
D. (D) responsible for detecting bitterness
3. What is the taste of amino acid?
A. (A) sweet
B. (B) bitter
C. (C) salty
D. (D) umami
2. Which taste cell transduction is not mediated by G protein-coupled receptors?
A. (A) sweet
B. (B) bitter
C. (C) salty
D. (D) umami
1. Which is not considered as one of five tastes in humans?
A. (A) sweet
B. (B) sour
C. (C) spicy
D. (D) salty
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