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能力理论: 美国心理学家卡特尔将一般智力分为两个相对独立的成分,他称为一般因素和特殊因素。

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Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage. Banking is about money; and no other familiar commodity(商品)arouses such excesses of passion and dislike. Nor is there any other about which more nonsense is talked. The type of thing that comes to mind is not what is normally called economics, which is inexact rather than nonsensical, and only in the same way as all sciences are at the point where they try to predict people’s behavior and its consequences. Indeed most social sciences and, for example, medicine could probably be described in the same way. However, it is common to bear assertions of the kind "if you were left alone on a desert island, a few seed potatoes Would be more useful to you than a million pounds" as though this proved something important about money except the undeniable fact that it would not be of much use to anyone in a situation where very few of us are at all likely to find ourselves. Money in fact is a token or symbolic object, exchangeable on demand by its holders for goods and services. Its use for these purposes is universal except within a small number of primitive agricultural communities. Money and price mechanism(机制), i.e., the changes in prices expressed in money terms of different goods and services, are the means by which all modern societies regulate demand and supply for these things. Especially important are the relative changes in prices of different goods and services compared with each other. To take random examples: the price of house-building has over the past five years risen a good deal faster than that of domestic appliances like refrigerators, but slower than that of motor insurance or French Impressionist paintings. This fact has complex implications for students of the industry, trade unionism, town planning, insurance companies, fine-art auctions, and politics. Unpacking these implications is what economics is about, but their implications for bankers are quite different. In general, in modern industrialized societies, prices of services or goods produced in a context requiring high service content (e. g. a meal in a restaurant) are likely to rise more rapidly than prices of goods capable of mass-production(批量生产) on a large scale. It is also a characteristic of highly developed economics that the number of workers employed in service industries tends to rise and that of workers employed in manufacturing to fall. The discomfort this truth causes has been an important source of tension in Western political life for many years and is likely to remain so for many more. In the writer’s view, the assertion that money would be useless on a desert island

A. illustrates one limitation to the importance of money
B. is only of importance to people stranded in such places
C. proves that there are many situations in which money is irrelevant
D. tells us nothing of significance about money in a certain situation

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the fallowing passage. Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gesture we use is understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon(召唤) a person from the Philippines to one’s side, or that in Italy and some Latin American countries, curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell. Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying German after World War Ⅱ and marked the GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that "gift" means poison in German. Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arm’s length away from others. Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable. Our linguistic and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take no notice of the tastes, gestures, customs and languages of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world. Even here in the United States, we make few concessions to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four languages on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have multilingual(多语的)guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen are rare. Our transportation systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them. When we go abroad, we tend to cluster(聚集)in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken. The attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those natives— usually the richer — who speak English. Our business dealings, as well as the nation’s diplomacy(外交的), are conducted through interpreters. For many years, America and Americans could get by with cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance. After all, America was the most powerful country of the free world, the distributor of needed funds and goods. But all that is past. American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing. A 1979 Harris poll reported that 55 percent of Americans want this country to play a more significant role in world affairs; we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the next century, even though it may not always be the upper land. When Americans go abroad, they______.

A. are isolated by the local people
B. are not well informed due to the language barrier
C. tend to get along well with the natives
D. need interpreters in hotels and restaurants

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

A. Men should remember whatever women say.
B. Men should give women whatever they want.
C. Women give it when men fail to catch what they say.
D. Women appreciate it when men make an effort to understand them.

Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

A. Grows colder as the blubber accumulates.
B. Remains the same.
C. Varies according to the water temperature.
D. Grows warmer as the whale grows older.

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