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Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
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案例分析题Questions 6-10 are based on the following passage.Dreams have always held a universal fascination. Some primitive societies believe that the soul leaves the body and visits the scene of the dream. Generally, however, dreams are accepted to be illusions, having much in common with day dreams—the fantasies of our waking life. When dreaming, however, one tends to believe fully in the reality of the dream world, however inconsistent, illogical and odd it may be.Although most dreams apparently happen spontaneously, dream activity maybe provoked by external influences. "Suffocation" dreams are connected with the breathing difficulties of a heavy cold, for instance. Internal disorders such as indigestion can cause vivid dreams, and dreams of racing fire-engines may be caused by the ringing of an alarm bell.Experiments have been carried out to investigate the connection between deliberately inflicted pain and dreaming. For example, a sleeper pricked with a pin perhaps dreams of fighing a battle and receiving a severe sword wounD．Although the dream is stimulated by the physical discomfort, the actual events of the dream depend on the associations of the discomfort in the mind of the sleeper.A dreamer’s eyes often move rapidly from side to side. Since people born blind do not dream visually and do not manifest this eye activity, it is thought that the dreamer may be scanning the scene depicted in his dream. A certain amount of dreaming seems to be a human requirement-if a sleeper is roused every time his eyes begin to move fast, effectively depriving him of his dreams, he will make more eye movements the following night.People differ greatly in their claims to dreaming. Some say they dream every night, others only very occasionally, individual differences probably exist, but some people immediately forget dreams and others have good recall.Superstition and magical practices thrive on the supposed power of dreams to foretell the future. Instances of dreams which have later turned out to be prophetic have often been recorded, some by men of the highest intellectual integrity. Although it is better to keep an open mind on the subject, it is true that the alleged power of dreams to predict future events still remains unproveD．Everyone knows that a sleeping dog often behaves as though he were dreaming, but it is impossible to tell what his whines and twitches really mean. By analogy with human experience, however, it is reasonable to suppose that at least the higher animals are capable of dreaming.Of the many theories of dreams, Freud’s is probably the best known. According to Freud, we revert in our dreams to the modes of thought characteristic of early childhooD．Our thinking becomes concrete, pictorial and non-logic, and expresses ideas and wishes we are no longer conscious of. Dreams are absurd and unaccountable because out conscious mind, not willing to acknowledge our subconscious ideas, disguises them. Some of Freud’s interpretations are extremely fanciful, but there is almost certainly some truth in his view that dreams express the subconscious minD． According to the passage, the dream world has the qualifies of being（）
Body parts that gather fat are completely different in male and female.
案例分析题In the following passage, there are 20 blanks representing the words that are missing from the context. You are to put back in each of the blanks the missing worD．The time for this section is 20 minutes.Many things about language are a mystery, and many will always remain so. But some things we do know.First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort.(1) is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has (2) language, no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one(3) . Furthermore, in historical times, there has never been a race of men (4) a language.Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many people (5) cultures are underdeveloped, who are, as we say, uncivilized, but the (6) they speak are not primitive. In all known languages we can see complexities (7) must have been tens of thousands of years in development.This has not (8) been well understood; indeed, the direct contrary has often been stateD．Popular ideas (9) the language of the American Indians will illustrate. Many people have supposed that the Indians (10) in a very primitive system of noises. Study has proved this (11) be nonsense. There are, or were, hundreds of American Indian languages, and all of them(12) out to be very complicated and very old．They are certainly (13) from the languages that most of us are familiar with, but they are (14) more primitive that English and Greek.A third thing we know about language (15) that all languages are perfectly adequate. That is, each one is a perfect (16) of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language.Finally, we (17) that language changes. It is natural and normal for language to change; the (18) languages which do not change are the dead ones. This is easy to (19) if we look backward in time. Change goes in all aspects of language. (20) features change as do speech sounds, and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly. Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language. （10）处应填写（）
案例分析题In this section you will find after each of the passages a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with 4 (A, B, C and D) choices to complete the statement. You must choose the one which you think fits best. The time for this section is 75 minutes.questions 1-5 are based on the following passage.Non-indigenous (non-native) species of plants and animals arrive by way of two general types of pathways. First, species having origins outside the United States may enter the country and become established either as free-living populations or under human cultivation-for example, in agriculture, horticulture, aquaculture, or as pets. Some cultivated species subsequently escape or are released and also become established as free-living populations. Second, species of either US or foreign origin and already within the United States may spread to new locales. Pathways of both types include intentional as well as unintentional species transfers. Rates of species movement driven by human transformations of natural environments as well as by human mobility-through commerce, tourism, and travel-greatly exceed natural rates by comparison. While geographic distributions of species naturally expand or contract over historical time intervals (tens to hundreds of years), species-ranges rarely expand thousands of miles or across physical barriers such as oceans or mountains.Habitat modification can create conditions favorable to the establishment of non-indigenous species. Soil disturbed in construction and agriculture is open for colonization by non-indigenous weeds, which in turn may provide habitats for the non-indigenous insects that evolved with them. Human-generated changes in fire frequency, grazing intensity, as well as soil stability and nutrient levels similarly facilitate the spread and establishment of non-indigenous plants. When human changes to natural environments span large geographical areas, they effectively create passages for species movement between previously isolated locales. The rapid spread of the Russian wheat aphid to fifteen states in just two years following its 1986 arrival has been attributed in part to the prevalence of alternative host plants that are available when wheat is not. Many of these are non- indigenous grasses recommended for planting on the forty million or more acres enrolled in the US Department of Agriculture Conservation Reserve Program.A number of factors perplex quantitative evaluation of the relative importance of various entry pathways. Time lags often occur between establishment of non-indigenous species and their detection, and tracing the pathway for a long-established species is difficult. Experts estimate that non-indigenous weeds are usually detected only after having been in the country for thirty years or having spread to at least ten thousand acres. In addition, federal port inspection, although a major source of information on non-indigenous species pathways, especially for agriculture pests, provides data only when such species enter via closely-examined routes. Finally, some comparisons between pathways defy quantitative analysis-for example, which is more "important": the entry path of one very harmful species or one by which many but less harmful species enter the country Which of the following statements about species movement is best supported by the passage （）
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