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[A] I’m very well, thank you.[B] Would you like to have another apple[C] Can you help me[D] Wait for a moment, please.[E] It’s very nice of you to help me.[F] May I have your name, please[G] Take the second crossing on the right. Would you like another apple
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Passage One Globalization used to mean, by and large, that business expanded from developed to emerging economies. Now it flows in both directions, and increasingly also from one developing economy to another. Business these days is all about "competing with everyone from everywhere for everything", write the authors of "Globality", a new book on this latest phase of globalization by the Boston Consulting Group (BCG). One sign of the times is the growing number of companies from emerging markets that appear in the Fortune 500 rankings of the world’s biggest firms. It now stands at 62, mostly from the so-called BRIC economies of Brazil, Russia, India and China, up from 31 in 2003, and is set to rise rapidly. On current trends, emerging-market companies will account for one-third of the Fortune list within ten years, predicts Mark Spelman, head of a global think-tank (智囊团] ) run by Accenture, a consultancy. There has been a sharp increase in the number of emerging-market companies acquiring established rich-world businesses and brands, totally demonstrating that "globalization" is no longer just another word for "Americanization". Within the past year, Budweiser, America’s favorite beer, has been bought by a Belgian-Brazilian company. And several of America’s leading financial institutions avoided bankruptcy only by going cap in hand to the sovereign-wealth funds (state-owned investment funds) of various Arab kingdoms and the Chinese government. One example of this shift in global business is Lenovo, a Chinese computer-maker. It became a global brand in 2005, when it paid around $1.75 billion for the personal-computer business of one of America’s best-known companies, IBM--including the ThinkPad laptop range beloved of many businessmen. Lenovo had the right to use the IBM brand for five years, but dropped it two years ahead of schedule, such was its confidence in its own brand. It has only just squeezed into 499th place in the Fortune 500, with worldwide revenues of $16.8 billion last year. But "this is just the start. We have big plans to grow," says Yang Yuanqing, Lenovo’s chairman. One reason why his company could afford to buy a piece of Big Blue was its leading position in a domestic market supported by GDP growth rates that dwarf (使......变小) those in developed countries. These are lifting the incomes of millions of people to a level where they start to spend on everything from new homes to cars to computers. "It took 25 years for the PC to get to the first billion consumers; the next billion should take seven years," says Bill Amelio, Lenovo’s chief executive. How many emerging-market companies will occur on the Fortune list within ten years
(由单选题和多选题组成。) 2010年8月20日，甲公司与乙公司签订了购销合同，约定由甲公司提供6台德国产接触器，单价10万元，总金额为60万元，预付款为4万元，其余款项在收到货物后15日内付清；合同生效后30日内交货，甲公司负责运输，乙公司决定运输方式(如乙公司不指定，则默认为中铁快运)。此外还在违约条款中约定：预付款4万元同时作为定金，如果任何一方不履行合同则支付违约金6万元。合同签订后，乙公司于同年8月25日支付预付款(定金)4万元。甲公司分别于同年9月2日、3日、6日通过中国铁路小件货物快运先后向乙公司发运3台、2台、1台接触器，乙公司则于同年9月9日支付货款15万元。同年9月15日，乙公司致电甲公司，称只收到5台接触器，且其中由2台接触器损坏，影响使用，请甲公司予以解决。9月16日，甲公司回函给乙公司，同意先调换2台机器给乙公司以满足生产需要，并要求乙公司如期付款。此后，甲公司未予调换接触器，乙公司也未再付货款。10月10日，甲公司将其对乙公司请求付款的权利转让给丙公司，并通知了乙公司，乙公司未予答复。丙公司请求乙公司支付剩余货款遭到拒绝，为此诉至法院。经查，甲公司于9月6日发运的1台接触器因不可抗力而在运输途中灭失。 请据此回答61～65题。 就有关定金和违约金条款的适用问题，乙公司提出的( )诉讼请求，既能最大限度地保护自己的利益，又能得到人民法院的支持。
Passage Two Antiseptics(杀菌剂) have saved countless lives, but they are most effective when the bacteria they are attacking are individual cells in suspension. Once bacteria have attached themselves to solid surfaces and formed films, they are far harder to eradicate with standard disinfectants. Bacterial pollution of medical devices is a particular problem, as those devices are then used on people whose immune systems may be in less than best condition. Surgical instruments may be treated with ultraviolet light, but that is not appropriate for everything. The result is that infections arising from bacteria attached to surfaces in clinics and hospitals are reckoned to cause up to 1.4m deaths per year. In order to develop a better method of disinfection, a team led by David Whitten of the University of New Mexico and Kirk Schanze of the University of Florida set out to design the equivalent of a mousetrap for bacteria. The device they came up with is an empty capsule five microns across. It is made of alternating layers of two polymers’(聚合体) ,one of which is positively charged, and the other negatively so. These opposite charges serve to hold the capsule together. The polymers in question also absorb light in a way that is likely to transfer the absorbed energy to nearby oxygen molecules (氧分子) to create what is known as singlet oxygen, a particularly reactive form of the element that would kill any bacteria inside the capsule. To test this idea, the two researchers ran a series of experiments in which they exposed their newly built microcapsules to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a fatal bacterium commonly, found in hospitals, and also to Cobetia marina, a bacterium that frequently adheres to ships and marine equipment, causing dirt. They found that in both cases the microcapsules attracted and captured bacteria that were nearby. After one hour of exposure to light, they report in a forthcoming issue of Applied Materials & Interfaces, the capsules killed more than 95% of the bacteria used in the study. What kills the bacteria is clear: it is the singlet oxygen. What is attracting them into the microcapsules, though, is not well understood. The researchers infer that the positive electric charge may have the function of attracting bacteria, since many bacteria are negatively charged and would thus be attracted to the polymer in question. Alternatively, because both bacteria and polymers are repelled by water they may be pushed together by this joint repulsion. However it works, the result is what Dr. Whitten describes as a micro-sized Roach Motel ("Bacteria check in, but they don’t check out"). If the idea can be scaled up, it may prove a useful weapon in the fight against hospital-caused infection and marine-dirt alike. What is the main idea of this passage
若该公司为了扩大业务，需要追加筹资2000万元，其筹资方案有两种：A方案为全部发行普通股：增发50万股，每股面值40元；B方案为全部发行长期债券，债券利率仍为12%。公司的变动成本率为60%，固定成本为1500万元，不考虑普通股票、债券的发行费用，公司销售收入为8000万元。 [问题二]试选择筹资方案[问题三]发行费用不变，此时的综合资金成本率又是多少
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