题目内容
In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list (A、B、C、D、E、F、G……) to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are several extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. (10 points) (41)______. But traffic experts say building more roads is a quick-fix solution that will not alleviate the traffic problem in the long run. Soaring land costs, increasing concern over social and environmental disruptions caused by road building, and the likelihood that more roads can only lead to more cars and traffic are powerful factors bearing down on a 1950s-style construction program. (42)______. Proponents of this advanced technology say electronic detection systems, closed-circuit television, radio communication, ramp metering, variable message singing, and other smart-highway technology can now be used at a reasonable cost to improve communication between drivers and the people who monitor traffic. Pathfinder, a Santa Monica, California-based smart-highway project in which a 14-mile stretch of the Santa Monica Freeway, making up what is called a "smart corridor", is being instrumented with buried loops in the pavement. Closed circuit television cameras survey the flow of traffic, while communications linked to properly equipped automobiles advise motorists of the least congested routes or detours. (43)______. "Electronics on the highway addresses just one aspect of the Problem: how to regulate traffic more efficiently", explains Michael Rennet, senior researcher at the World watch Institute. "It doesn"t deal with the central problem of too many cars for roads that can"t be built fast enough. It sends people the wrong message: They start thinking "Yes, there used to be a traffic congestion problem, but that"s been solved now because we have an advanced high-tech system in place. "" Larson agrees and adds, (44)"______". Other traffic problem-solving options being studied and experimented with include car pooling, rapid mass-transit systems, staggered or flexible work hours, and road pricing, a system whereby motorists pay a certain amount for the time they use a highway. (45)______.A. Smart highways are just one of the tools that we will use to deal with our traffic problems. It"s not the solution itself, just part of the package. There are different strategies.B. It seems that we need a new, major thrust to deal with the traffic problems of the next 20 years. There has to be a big change.C. It"s taking advantage of the technology you use in your everyday lives and putting it to work on highways.D. Traffic statistics paint a gloomy picture. To help solve their traffic woes, some rapidly growing U.S. cities have simply built more roads.E. The goal of smart-highway technology is to make traffic systems work at optimum efficiency by treating the road and the vehicles traveling on them as an integral transportation system.F. Smart highways that will allow a driver to program a destination on a dashboard computer, then sit back and enjoy the ride.G. Not all traffic experts, however, look to smart-highway technology as the ultimate solution to traffic gridlock. Some say the high-tech approach is limited and can only offer temporary solutions to a serious problem.
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(46)Genoa is on the Italian Riviera, but its steelworks, container parks and oil terminal are not the usual charms of a millionaires" playground.Even so, for many wealthy people it was the place to be last weekend, to see the Salone Nautico"s fabulous display of luxury boats and yachts. (47)With some 350,000 visitors, the event is a shop-window for Italy"s boatbuilders who lead the market in providing the super-rich with boats stretching beyond 24m(79 ft).Italy"s boatyards make more than a third of all the floating palaces around the world. At this year"s show, Azimut-Benetti and Ferretti-Riva, the two leading producers, displayed their latest and most opulent models. Italy builds all kinds of pleasure craft and two-thirds, worth euro l.7 billion($2.1 billion) last year, are exported. (48)According to Paolo Vitelli, chairman of the Italian boatbuilders" association, the winning combination at the very top of the market is style fabrics, skilled carpenters, fashion, technology and innovation."We are masters in these areas. The business is tailor-made for Italians". He is unconcerned by high oil prices and parts of the world sailing into economic doldrums. The market for luxury goods seems impervious to these. Three factors, says Mr. Vitelli have helped the market grow. (49)Boatbuilders have raised output by switching to modern production techniques: more marinas have been built, which makes life easier for owners; and the number of millionaires with money to splurge on pleasure craft has risen sharply.Their pockets have to be deep. Azimut-Benetti, which Mr. Vitelli founded in 1969, offers a range of craft. At the top of its fibreglass-hulled Azimut range is a 35m(116 ft) motor yacht which costs euro 8.5m. A steel-hulled Benetti, however, might cost five times that. Mr. Vitelli"s business reported net profits of euro 35m on sales of euro 403m last year and it is expanding strongly. (50)Meanwhile, new markets, like China and Russia. are opening up and producing their own crop of boating millionaires.
You are preparing an opening remark at a discussion on "Books are our best friends". Your remark should cover: 1) the value of books and 2) what a good book may be. You should write about 100 words and do not sign your own name. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.
Nuclear fission is the splitting of the nucleus of an atom. Only a few elements are suitable for use in this way, the most important ones being Uranium-235, Uranium-233, and Plutonium-239. When a nucleus of one of these elements is struck by a free neutron it breaks down into two lighter nuclei which fly apart at high speed, colliding with surrounding atoms. Their kinetic energy is converted into heat energy. At the same time, two or three free neutrons are released and one of them enters the nucleus of a neighbouring atom, causing fission to occur again; and so on. The reaction spreads very quickly, with more and more heat energy released. This is called a "chain" reaction because the splitting of each nucleus is linked to another, and another and another. If this reaction takes place in an atomic bomb, where nothing is done to slow it down, the result is a violent explosion that can destroy a town in a few seconds. Fission can also, however, take place within a construction called a nuclear reactor, or atomic pile. Here the highly fissile material (U-235, U-233, Pu-239) is surrounded by a substance that is non-fissile, for instance graphite. This material is called a moderator. The neutrons lose some of their energy and speed through colliding with the atoms of the moderator. Energy—heat energy—is still created on an enormous scale, but no expansion takes place. The moderator has another function: by slowing down the speed of the free neutrons, it makes it more likely that one of them will collide with the nucleus of a neighbouring atom to continue the chain reaction. The chief advantage of nuclear energy is that it does not depend on any local factors. A nuclear reactor, unlike an oil-well or a coalmine, does not have to be sited on top of a fossil-fuel source; unlike the solar energy unit, it does not have to go out of production when the sun is not shining; unlike hydro-electric power, it does not depend on a large flow of water which may be reduced during some seasons of the year. With an atomic power station, the only limiting factor is that of safety. In the opposite process, nuclear fusion, two nuclei come together, to form a new nucleus of a different kind and this process also releases energy on an enormous scale. Fusion can only occur under conditions of very great heat—at least 50,000,000 degrees Celsius. (The temperature at the centre of the sun is estimated as 130,000,000 degrees Celsius.) A fusion reaction on earth has already been created—the hydrogen bomb. This is an uncontrolled reaction. It is not yet possible to produce a controlled fusion reaction that can be used for the production of useful energy. Nuclear energy can be thought of as a kind of square, three of the quarters of the square are known and used, but the fourth cannot yet be used. Which of the following statements is incorrect
Nuclear fission is the splitting of the nucleus of an atom. Only a few elements are suitable for use in this way, the most important ones being Uranium-235, Uranium-233, and Plutonium-239. When a nucleus of one of these elements is struck by a free neutron it breaks down into two lighter nuclei which fly apart at high speed, colliding with surrounding atoms. Their kinetic energy is converted into heat energy. At the same time, two or three free neutrons are released and one of them enters the nucleus of a neighbouring atom, causing fission to occur again; and so on. The reaction spreads very quickly, with more and more heat energy released. This is called a "chain" reaction because the splitting of each nucleus is linked to another, and another and another. If this reaction takes place in an atomic bomb, where nothing is done to slow it down, the result is a violent explosion that can destroy a town in a few seconds. Fission can also, however, take place within a construction called a nuclear reactor, or atomic pile. Here the highly fissile material (U-235, U-233, Pu-239) is surrounded by a substance that is non-fissile, for instance graphite. This material is called a moderator. The neutrons lose some of their energy and speed through colliding with the atoms of the moderator. Energy—heat energy—is still created on an enormous scale, but no expansion takes place. The moderator has another function: by slowing down the speed of the free neutrons, it makes it more likely that one of them will collide with the nucleus of a neighbouring atom to continue the chain reaction. The chief advantage of nuclear energy is that it does not depend on any local factors. A nuclear reactor, unlike an oil-well or a coalmine, does not have to be sited on top of a fossil-fuel source; unlike the solar energy unit, it does not have to go out of production when the sun is not shining; unlike hydro-electric power, it does not depend on a large flow of water which may be reduced during some seasons of the year. With an atomic power station, the only limiting factor is that of safety. In the opposite process, nuclear fusion, two nuclei come together, to form a new nucleus of a different kind and this process also releases energy on an enormous scale. Fusion can only occur under conditions of very great heat—at least 50,000,000 degrees Celsius. (The temperature at the centre of the sun is estimated as 130,000,000 degrees Celsius.) A fusion reaction on earth has already been created—the hydrogen bomb. This is an uncontrolled reaction. It is not yet possible to produce a controlled fusion reaction that can be used for the production of useful energy. Nuclear energy can be thought of as a kind of square, three of the quarters of the square are known and used, but the fourth cannot yet be used. Destructive weapons can be obtained from ______.
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