Text 2 Nowadays, a standard for measuring power has changed. These changes foretell a new standard for measuring power. No longer will a nation’s political influence be based solely on the strength of its military forces. Of course, military effectiveness will remain a primary measure of power. But political influence is also closely tied to industrial competitiveness. It’s often said that without its military the Soviet Union would really be a third-world nation. The new standard of power and influence that is evolving now places more emphasis on the ability of a country to compete effectively in the economic markets of the world. America must recognize this new course of events. Our success in shaping world events over the past 40 years has been the direct result of our ability to adapt technology and to take advantage of the capabilities of our people for the purpose of maintaining peace. Our industrial prowess(威力)over most of this period was unchallenged. It is ironic(有讽刺性的) that it is just this prowess that has enabled other countries to prosper and in turn to threaten our industrial leadership. The competitiveness of America’s industrial base is an issue bigger than the department of defense and is going to require the efforts of the major institutional forces in our society, government, industry, and education. That is not to say that the defense department will not be a strong force in the process. But we simply cannot be, nor should we be, looked upon by others as the savior(救星) of American industry. Now a nation’s political influence depends on______.
A. the strength of its military forces
B. its ability to compete in industry
C. economic markets
D. both A and B
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(20) involves comparing actual or planned project practices to those of other projects to generate ideas for improvement and to provide a basis by which to measure performance. These other projects can be within the performing organization or outside of it, and can be within the same or in another application are
A. MetricsB. MeasurementC. BenchmarkingD. Baseline
(21) from one phase are usually reviewed for completeness and accuracy and approved before work starts on the next phase.
A. Process
B. Milestone
C. Work
Deliverables
Estimating schedule activity costs involves developing an (4) of the cost of the resources needed to complete each schedule activity. Cost estimating includes identifying and considering various costing alternatives. For example, in mostapplication areas, additional work during a design phase is widely held to have the potential for reducing the cost of the execution phase and product operations. The cost estimating process considers whether the expected savings can offset the cost of the additional design work. Cost estmates are generally expressed in units of (5) to facilitate comparisions both within and across projects. The (6) describes important information about project requirement that is considered during cost estimating.
A. project scope statement
B. statement of work
C. project management plan
D. project policy
The (15) provides the project manager with the authority to apply organizational resources to project activities.
A. project management plan
B. contract
C. project human resource plan
D. project charter