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A new study finds that even mild stress can affect your ability to control your emotions. A team of neuroscientists at New York University say that their findings suggest that certain (1) that teach people how to better control their emotions—such as those used to treat social anxiety and phobias—may not work as well during stressful situations."We have long suspected that stress can (2) our ability to control our emotions, but this is the first study to document how even mild stress can undercut therapies designed to keep our emotions in (3) ," said senior author and psychology professor Elizabeth Phelps. "In other words, what you learn in the clinic may not be as (4) in the real world when you’re stressed."To help patients learn to (5) their emotional impairment, therapists sometimes use cognitive restructuring techniques encouraging patients to alter their thoughts or approach to a situation to change their emotional response. These might include focusing on the positive or non-threatening aspects of an event or (6) that might normally produce fear.To test how these techniques hold up in real-life situations, the team (7) a group of 78 volunteers, who viewed pictures of snakes and spiders. Some of the pictures were paired with an electric shock, and participants (8) developed a fear of these pictures. The subjects "reported more (9) feelings of fear when viewing the pictures, compared with when they viewed images not paired with a shock."Next the participants were taught cognitive strategies, similar to those (10) by therapists and known as cognitive-behavioral therapy, to learn to diminish the fears brought on by the experiment. （6）处填（）。
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Questions17 to 18 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the two questions. Now listen to the news. The strikers are denied entry into the US because
Passage OneQuestions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.
A soccer referee (36) for scoring a goal while taking charge for a game has (37) after being found guilty of bringing the game into disrepute by the Essex County Football (38) . Last year, when Brian Savill was taking charge of a game in the South of England between Earls and Wimpole, Wimpole was (39) far behind with a score of 18-1. With 10 minutes (40) , Savill found the ball at his feet in front of the Earls goal and (41) banged it into the net, before (42) a goal. The laws of the game state that the referee is part of the (43) area and that the game continues if the ball strikes him. (44) Savill’s bizarre goal made little difference to the outcome as Earls went on to win 20-2, but the officials were impressed. The Essex County FA finally found 47-year-old Savill guilty of bringing the game into disrepute and prohibited him from holding his post for seven weeks. Savill, a referee with 18 years’ experience, loft his job after finding out about the decision." (45) "It brought enjoyment to everyone’s lives. (46) However, he advised other referees against following his example.
Permanent education is practical because
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