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TEXT C In a country which must certainly have been a long way away from where we Rumanians live, all the young people decided to kill all the old people. It’s an old, old story... What was the use of their going on living with white beards and all They had lived their life, they’d had their time and that was that. Anyone who reached the age of fifty or a bit over—he was to be done away with. Lots of wise old men were killed and lots of wisdom passed away with them. Only one kind-hearted young man, so they say, took pity on his father; after all, he owed his life to him in the first place. So he hid him away in a cellar and took care of him. Time passed and a terrible drought came. Meadows and plough lands shriveled and withered and all the springs dried up. There was terrible famine, and sickness and all kinds of troubles came upon the young people thick and fast, and their hair began to go white before its time. They would have put up with everything as best they could, but more and worse troubles followed. The snow melted and spring was upon them without their having a single grain of seed to put in the ground. They scraped the floors of all the barns that used to be stacked so high they could hardly hold all the grain. All the king’s councilors held long talks with the king but there was nothing they could do to get themselves out of their terrible trouble. From bishop to farm worker the whole people were overcome with horror and fear at the thought that spring had come and there was nothing to sow their fields with. The old man hidden in the cellar could see that his son was going about looking miserable all the. time. One day he asked him: "What’s making you look so thoughtful, my boy Has anyone done you any harm Are you in trouble Tell your father all about it. He may be able to help you, even if it’s only with words." The son told him all the troubles straight away, from beginning to end. The old man thought for a little and then he said: "Don’t tell anybody anything for the time being. But when the last patches of snow melt on the fields, take your plough and go and plough up the lane in front of your house. Rake it over after that and.., stop worrying. "The boy followed the advice the old man had given him and what did he see There came a quick spring rain and out of the ground there began to sprout wheat and maize, oats and barley and even beans and peas in some places. It seemed so wonderful that news of it spread up and down the country. It was a thing no one had ever heard of—a man’s reaping where he hadn’t sown. Of course the king got to hear of it too. He quickly ordered the lad to be brought before him. So he presented himself and of course he was now considered to be the wisest of the wise. "What did you do How did you do it Who told you what to do" The king started asking him questions at once. All these questions confused the boy and he was afraid so he didn’t tell him the true answer straight off. But in the end he admitted what had happened. "Bring me your father here," the king ordered. So the old man was brought along too. "Well, your Majesty, just think how many seeds drop on the ground when people carry them home on their carts." The old fellow was given a royal reward; he had saved the life of the whole nation and so the boy was pardoned too for not killing him. And ever since then, my friends, they haven’t killed the old men any more. What was the worse thing for them when spring came
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TEXT C In a country which must certainly have been a long way away from where we Rumanians live, all the young people decided to kill all the old people. It’s an old, old story... What was the use of their going on living with white beards and all They had lived their life, they’d had their time and that was that. Anyone who reached the age of fifty or a bit over—he was to be done away with. Lots of wise old men were killed and lots of wisdom passed away with them. Only one kind-hearted young man, so they say, took pity on his father; after all, he owed his life to him in the first place. So he hid him away in a cellar and took care of him. Time passed and a terrible drought came. Meadows and plough lands shriveled and withered and all the springs dried up. There was terrible famine, and sickness and all kinds of troubles came upon the young people thick and fast, and their hair began to go white before its time. They would have put up with everything as best they could, but more and worse troubles followed. The snow melted and spring was upon them without their having a single grain of seed to put in the ground. They scraped the floors of all the barns that used to be stacked so high they could hardly hold all the grain. All the king’s councilors held long talks with the king but there was nothing they could do to get themselves out of their terrible trouble. From bishop to farm worker the whole people were overcome with horror and fear at the thought that spring had come and there was nothing to sow their fields with. The old man hidden in the cellar could see that his son was going about looking miserable all the. time. One day he asked him: "What’s making you look so thoughtful, my boy Has anyone done you any harm Are you in trouble Tell your father all about it. He may be able to help you, even if it’s only with words." The son told him all the troubles straight away, from beginning to end. The old man thought for a little and then he said: "Don’t tell anybody anything for the time being. But when the last patches of snow melt on the fields, take your plough and go and plough up the lane in front of your house. Rake it over after that and.., stop worrying. "The boy followed the advice the old man had given him and what did he see There came a quick spring rain and out of the ground there began to sprout wheat and maize, oats and barley and even beans and peas in some places. It seemed so wonderful that news of it spread up and down the country. It was a thing no one had ever heard of—a man’s reaping where he hadn’t sown. Of course the king got to hear of it too. He quickly ordered the lad to be brought before him. So he presented himself and of course he was now considered to be the wisest of the wise. "What did you do How did you do it Who told you what to do" The king started asking him questions at once. All these questions confused the boy and he was afraid so he didn’t tell him the true answer straight off. But in the end he admitted what had happened. "Bring me your father here," the king ordered. So the old man was brought along too. "Well, your Majesty, just think how many seeds drop on the ground when people carry them home on their carts." The old fellow was given a royal reward; he had saved the life of the whole nation and so the boy was pardoned too for not killing him. And ever since then, my friends, they haven’t killed the old men any more. What happened to the country when a drought came
SECTION B Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. According to the officer, a student from other countries have to ______before he can use the National Health Service in Britain.
Questions 25-28Complete the notes below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.Index Card: Title Card; (25) ; Topic Card.Loan time: white label: 4weeksyellow label: 1weekred label: (26) (27) and journals cannot be taken away from library.Student need a (28) to copy and print. 28（）
TEXT B Hostility to Gypsies has existed almost from the time they first appeared in Europe in the 14th century. The origins of the Gypsies, with little written history, were shrouded in mystery. What is known now from clues in the various dialects of their language, Romany, is that they came from northern India to the Middle East a thousand years ago, working as minstrels and mercenaries, metal-smiths and servants. Europeans misnamed them Egyptians, soon shortened to Gypsies. A clan system, based mostly on their traditional crafts and geography, has made them a deeply fragmented and fractious people, only really unifying in the face of enmity from non-Gypsies, whom they call gadje. Today many Gypsy activists prefer to be called Roma, which comes from the Romany word for "man". But on my travels among them most still referred to themselves as Gypsies. In Europe their persecution by the gadje began quickly, with the church seeing heresy in their fortune-telling and the state seeing anti-social behaviour in their nomadism. At various times they have been forbidden to wear their distinctive bright clothes, to speak their own language, to travel, to marry One another, or to ply their traditional crafts. In some countries they were reduced to slavery. It wasn’t until the mid-1800s that Gypsy slaves were freed in Romania. In more recent times the Gypsies were caught up in Nazi ethnic hysteria, and perhaps half a million perished in the Holocaust. Their horses have been shot and the wheels removed from their wagons, their names have been changed, their women have been sterilized, and their children have been forcibly given for adoption to non-Gypsy families. But the Gypsies have confounded predictions of their disappearance as a distinct ethnic group and their numbers have burgeoned. Today there are an estimated 8 to 12 million Gypsies scattered across Europe, making them the continent’s largest minority. The exact number is hard to pin down. Gypsies have regularly been undercounted, both by regimes anxious to downplay their profile and by Gypsies themselves, seeking to avoid bureaucracies. Attempting to remedy past inequities, activist groups may overcount. Hundreds of thousands more have emigrated to the Americas and elsewhere. With very few exceptions Gypsies have expressed no great desire for a country to call their own-unlike the Jews, to whom the Gypsy experience is often compared. "Romanestan" said Ronald Lee, the Canadian Gypsy writer, "is where my two feet stand. " In history hostility to Gypsies in Europe resulted in their persecution by all the following EXCEPT ______.
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