Ironically, in the United States, a country of immigrants, prejudice and discrimination continue to be serious problems. There was often (1) between each established group of (2) and each succeeding group. As each group became (3) financially successful, and more powerful, they (4) newcomers from full participation in the society. Prejudice and discrimination are (5) U.S. history, (6) , this prejudicial treatment of different groups is (7) more unjust than with black Americans. Blacks had distinct (8) . For the most part, they came to the "land of opportunity" as slaves and were not free to keep their (9) and cultural traditions. (10) most European immigrants, blacks did not have the protection of a support group; sometimes slave owners separated members of (11) family. They could not mix easily with the (12) society either because of their skin color. It was difficult for them to (13) the American culture. Even after they became flee people, they were still discriminated (14) in employment, housing, education, and even in public (15) , such as restrooms.
A. former
B. original
C. existing
D. established
Leo Tolstoy was a Russian writer and moral philosopher, and one of the world’s greatest novelists. He was born on April 30,1828 and died on Feb. 14, 1910. His writings (1) influenced much of 20th-century literature, and his moral (2) helped shape the thinking of several important (3) and political leaders. Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy was born (4) a family of noble landowners at his family (5) south of Moscow. His early education came from tutors at home, but after the deaths of his parents in the 1830s, he was (6) by relatives. He entered Kazan’ University when he was 16 but preferred to educate himself independently, and in 1847 he (7) his studies without finishing his degree. His next 15 years were very (8) . Tolstoy returned to manage the family estate, with the determination to improve himself (9) and physically. Alter less than two years, however, he abandoned rural life (10) the pleasures of Moscow. In 1851 Tolstoy traveled to the Caucasus, a region then part of southern Russia, (11) his brother was serving in the army. He was (12) as a volunteer, serving with distinction in the Crimean War from 1853 to 1856. Tolstoy began his literary career during his army service, and his first work, the semiautobiographical short novel Childhood (13) was published in 1852, brought him fame. A series of other stories (14) , and when he left the army in 1856 he was acknowledged as a rising new talent in literature. Tolstoy achieved great literary fame during his lifetime, both in Russia and abroad. Thirty-one translations of his works (15) in the year 1887 alone. The most significant part of Tolstoy’s legacy may be his defense of the individual personality.
A. publicized
B. translated
C. appeared
D. sold
Task 1Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 through 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Cape Verde (佛得角) is an Africa country that is made up of 10 main islands and 5 tiny ones. It lies in the Atlantic Ocean, about 400 miles west of Senegal on the African mainland. Cape Verde has a population of about 329,000 and a total area of 1,557 square miles. Sao Tiago, the largest island, covers 383 square miles. There are no people living on Santa Luzia, the least of the ten larger islands, nor on the five small islands. Praia, the capital of Cape Verde, is on Sao Tiago. However, the largest city, Mindelo, is on Sao Vicente, the sixth largest island of the group. Portugal (葡萄牙) ruled the islands from the 1460’s until 1975, when Cape Verde became independent. Now Cape Verde is a republic with an elected president. About 70 percent of the people of Cape Verde have mixed black African and Portuguese (葡萄牙的) blood. The rest of the population are mostly black Africans. Which of the following shows the right relationship between Sao Tiago, Santa Luzia and Sao Vicente
A. Sao Tiago, Santa Luzia, Sao Vicente.
B. Sao Vicente, Santa Luzia, Sao Tiago.
C. Sao Vicente, Sao Tiago, Santa Luzia.
D. Sao Tiago, Sao Vicente, Santa Luzia.
Leo Tolstoy was a Russian writer and moral philosopher, and one of the world’s greatest novelists. He was born on April 30,1828 and died on Feb. 14, 1910. His writings (1) influenced much of 20th-century literature, and his moral (2) helped shape the thinking of several important (3) and political leaders. Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy was born (4) a family of noble landowners at his family (5) south of Moscow. His early education came from tutors at home, but after the deaths of his parents in the 1830s, he was (6) by relatives. He entered Kazan’ University when he was 16 but preferred to educate himself independently, and in 1847 he (7) his studies without finishing his degree. His next 15 years were very (8) . Tolstoy returned to manage the family estate, with the determination to improve himself (9) and physically. Alter less than two years, however, he abandoned rural life (10) the pleasures of Moscow. In 1851 Tolstoy traveled to the Caucasus, a region then part of southern Russia, (11) his brother was serving in the army. He was (12) as a volunteer, serving with distinction in the Crimean War from 1853 to 1856. Tolstoy began his literary career during his army service, and his first work, the semiautobiographical short novel Childhood (13) was published in 1852, brought him fame. A series of other stories (14) , and when he left the army in 1856 he was acknowledged as a rising new talent in literature. Tolstoy achieved great literary fame during his lifetime, both in Russia and abroad. Thirty-one translations of his works (15) in the year 1887 alone. The most significant part of Tolstoy’s legacy may be his defense of the individual personality.
A. for
B. with
C. beyond
D. over