4、仔细阅读 The right to pursue happiness is issued to Americans with their birth certificates, but no one seems quite sure which way it ran. It may be we are issued a hunting license but offered no game. We do, however, seem to be dedicated to the idea of buying our way to happiness. We shall all make it to Heaven when we possess enough.And at the same time the forces of American commercialization are hugely dedicated to making us deliberately unhappy. Advertising is one of our major industries, and advertising exists not to satisfy desires but to create them-and create them faster than any man's budget can satisfy them. For that matter, our whole economy is based on a dedicated insatiability（永不知足）. We are taught that to possess is to be happy, and then we are made to want. We are even told it is our duty to want.The idea "happiness", to be sure, will not sit still for easy definition: the best one can do is to try to set some extremes to the idea and then work toward the middle. To think of happiness as acquisitive and competitive will do to set the materialistic extreme. To think of it as the idea one senses in, say, a holy man of India will do to set the spiritual extreme. That holy man's idea of happiness is in needing nothing from outside world. In wanting nothing, he lacks nothing. He sits immobile, rapt in contemplation, free even of his own body, or nearly free of it. If devout admirers bring him food he eats it; if not, he starves indifferently. Why be concerned? What is physical is an illusion to him. Contemplation is his joy and he achieves it through a fantastically demanding discipline, the accomplishment of which is itself a joy within him.Is he a happy man? Perhaps his happiness is only another sort of illusion. But who can take it from him? And who will dare say it is more illusory than happiness on the installment plan?But, perhaps because I am Western, I doubt such catatonic（紧张的）happiness, as I doubt the dream of the happiness-market. What is certain is that his way of happiness would be torture to almost any Western man. Yet these extremes will still serve to frame the area within which all of us must find some sort of balance. Thoreau-a creature of both Eastern and Western thought - had his own firm sense of that balance. His aim was to save on the low levels in order to spend on the high.Possession for its own sake or in competition with the rest of the neighborhood would have been Thoreau's idea of the low levels. The active discipline of heightening one's perception of what is enduring in nature would have been his idea of the high. What he saved from the low was time and effort he could spend on the high. Thoreau certainly disapproved of starvation, but he would put into feeding himself only as much effort as would keep him functioning for more important efforts.1. Most Americans believe that ________________.

A. happiness can't be bought
B. happiness can be bought
C. happiness is out of their reach
D. happiness can help them go to heaven