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直接激动M胆碱受体，产生M样作用（）

A. 新斯的明
B. 解磷定
C. 阿托品
D. 毛果芸香碱
E. 有机磷酸酯

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H区人民法院的—审判决是否正确为什么

该公司要发行可转换为股票的公司债券在公司内部需要经过哪个机关的批准在公司外部，应当需要报请哪个(些)机关批准

Car Pollution Jump in the car, start your engine and you’’re off. But do you give any thought to what’’s coming out of the tailpipe as you go about your drive Carbon dioxide is the dominant greenhouse gas that causes global warming. The effects of global warming are uncertain, but they potentially include disruption of global weather patterns and ecosystems, flooding, severe storm, and droughts. Carbon monoxide, when inhaled, combines with haemoglobin in our blood, impairing the flow of oxygen to our brain and other parts of the body. Carbon monoxide is colorless, odorless, and poisonous even to healthy people (at high levels). It can seriously affect people with heart disease, and can affect the central nervous system. Motor vehicles are the main source of carbon monoxide pollution in many countries. Sulphur oxides contribute to respiratory illness, particularly in children and the elderly, and aggravate existing heart and lung diseases. It contributes to the formation of acid rain, which damages trees, crops, and buildings; and makes soils, lakes, and streams acidic. Nitrogen oxide is a noxious pollutant. It is a lung irritant and reacts with compounds in the air to cause acid rain and ozone (the main reason for smog). Nitrogen oxide is one of the main ingredients involved in the formation of ground-level ozone (which can trigger serious respiratory problems), and contributes to global warming. Particulate matter, consisting of tiny particles of smoke, soot and dust primarily from engines, car parts, tires, and diesel exhaust, are an established cause of lung problems, from shortness of breath to worsening of respiratory and cardiovascular disease, damage to lung tissues, and cancer. The EPA estimates that particulate pollution kills more than 60,000 people per year. In addition, particulates are associated with increased hospital ad missions and emergency room visits for people with heart and lung disease, as well as work and school absences. Particulates can travel deep into the lungs, or in smaller form, directly into the bloodstream. Hydrocarbons, in their many forms, are directly hazardous, contributing to what are collectively called "air toxics." These compounds directly irritate the lung and other tissues, can cause cancer, contribute to birth defects, and cause other illnesses. Lead damages organs, affects the brain, nerves, heart, and blood. Although overall blood lead levels have decreased since 1976, urban areas with high levels of traffic or industrial facilities that burn fuel may still have high lead levels in air. In 1999, ten areas of the country did not meet the national health-based air quality standards for lead. Hybrid cars use less gas, and therefore produce fewer emissions, than conventional cars. Take a look at the statistics below (based on a car travelling 14,000 miles per year). ●A conventional car produces 11,100 pounds of CO2 per year, compared with the 4,800 pounds of CO2 produced by a hybrid car. ●A conventional car produces 330 pounds of carbon monoxide per year, compared with the 230 pounds produced by a hybrid car. ●A conventional car produces 49 pounds of nitrogen oxide per year, compared with the 17 pounds produced by a hybrid car. ●A conventional car produces 670 grams of particulate matter per year, compared with the 240 grams produced by a hybrid car. ●A conventional car produces 29 pounds of hydrocarbons per year, compared with the 8 pounds produced by a hybrid car.Rolling Up Your Window Won’’t Help Exposure to some car pollutants may be much higher inside your car than outside. Commuters driving in rush hour get the highest exposure, often from pollutants emitted by vehicles ahead of them. You are basically driving in and through -- and contributing to -- a lethal cocktail of air pollution.Other Impacts on the Environment When you think of pollution from cars, the first thing that comes to mind is noxious fumes. But the ,problems don’’t stop with air pollution. The environmental consequences associated with cars are much wider.Water Pollution Runoff of oil, automotive fluids, and roadway chemicals are estimated at hundreds of thousands of tons per year, and are considered the leading source of impairment to rivers. In addition, hundreds of thousands of potential leaks from underground fuel storage tanks threaten groundwater, and improperly disposed of used motor oil ends up in waterways.Noise Pollution Noise from car traffic, and loud car stereos and alarms, has become so ubiquitous that we barely notice it anymore -- but it’’s taking its toll. Recent census data indicates that 1 in 8 American households suffer from bothersome noise from the street or traffic. Problems related to noise include hearing loss, stress, high blood pressure, sleep loss, distraction, and lost productivity, and a general reduction in the quality of life and opportunities for tranquility.Solid Waste Over 10 million automobiles are scrapped every year, creating approximately seven billion pounds of unrecycled scrap and waste every year. Approximately 800 million tires are stockpiled in dumps around the country, creating a serious fire hazard and an ongoing environmental hazard. Every stockpiled tire sheds rubber each year, spewing minute grains of rubber into the atmosphere and back down into the water supply and human lungs.Wildlife The Humane Society estimates that around a million animals die on U. S. roads every day.Agriculture Air and water pollution from vehicles compromises the growth, reproduction and over all health of plants, which are susceptible to disease, pests, and environmental stress. It reduces agricultural yields for many economically important crops, such as soybean, wheat, and cotton.The Built-up Environment During the last century, an area roughly equal to all the arable land in Ohio, Indiana and Pennsylvania was paved in the United States -- requiting maintenance costs of over $ 200 million a day and trapping us in large, sprawling and undesirable concrete jungles. Approximately one-third of an average city’’s land is devoted to roads and other car-related elements. Interstate highways cut through and divide countless neighborhoods, taking homes and destroying businesses. We add more and more roads, encouraging wider use of private cars and ever-increasing traffic congestion. Particulate matter caused by cars is still a problem after the car has been taken off the roads forever, because particles from ________ pollute the atmosphere and water.

长江公司和大海公司均为增值税一般纳税人，适用的增值税税率为17%。合并前，长江公司和大海公司是不具有关联关系的两个独立的公司。有关企业合并资料如下： (1)2010年12月20日，长江公司和大海公司原股东黄河公司达成合并协议，由长江公司采用控股合并方式将大海公司合并，合并后长江公司取得大海公司60%的股份。 (2)2011年1月2日长江公司以固定资产(大型设备)、投资性房地产(系2009年12月自营工程建造后直接对外出租的建筑物)、交易性金融资产和库存商品作为对价的相关资产合并了大海公司，相关手续于当日办理完毕。作为对价的相关资产有关资料如下：单位：万元项目账而价值公允价值固定资产 5000(原价8000，累计折旧2000，固定资产减值准备1000) 6000 投资性房地产 6000(成本5000，公允价值变动1000) 6980 交易性金融资产 1080(成本1000，公允价值变动80) 1150 库存商品 800 1000(不含增值税) 合计 12880 15130 (3)合并过程中发生的直接相关费用为150万元，投出固定资产应交增值税1020万元。 (4)2011年1月2日大海公司可辨认净资产的公允价值为27000万元(假定公允价值与账面价值相同)，其所有者权益构成为：实收资本20000万元，资本公积2000万元，盈余公积500万元，未分配利润4500万元。 (5)2011年大海公司全年实现净利润3000万元。 (6)2012年3月5日大海公司股东会宣告分配并派发现金股利2000万元。 (7)2012年12月31日大海公司可供出售金融资产公允价值上升使资本公积增加200万 (8)2012年大海公司全年实现净利润4000万元。 (9)2013年1月1日出售大海公司20%的股权，出售后长江公司对大海公司的持股比例为40%，在被投资单位董事会中派有代表，但不能对大海公司生产经营决策实施控制。对大海公司长期股权投资由成本法改为按照权益法核算。出售股权取得价款6600万元已收到存入银行，当日办理完毕股权变更登记等相关手续。剩余40%股权投资在该日的公允价值为13300万元。 (10)大海公司2013年实现净利润4200万元。 (11)其他资料： ①不考虑除增值税以外其他因素的影响。 ②假定不考虑长江公司和大海公司的内部交易。要求：计算固定资产、投资性房地产和交易性金融资产的处置损益。