The immediate constituents of the sentence “ My best friend is studying abroad.” are [填空1] and [填空2].
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The major phrasal categories are NP, VP,[填空1], AP and [填空2].
In “The beautiful girl’s dress is very impressive.”, “ beautiful girl’s dress” can be analyzed in two ways: [填空1] and[填空2], using bracketing.
In the endocentric construction, there is a head or center.
In the exocentric construction, there is a head or center.