5. A new patient to your practice, a happy 10-year-old girl has a historyof hyperextensible skin and easy bruising. She often has sprains and jointdislocations when she exercises.
A. Coarctation of the aorta
B. ASD
C. Mitral valve prolapse
D. Pulmonic stenosis
E. Patent ductus arteriosis
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2. A primiparous woman whose blood type is O positive gives birth atterm to an infant who has A-positive blood and a hematocrit of 55%. A total serum bilirubin level obtained at 36 hours of age is 12 mg/dL. Which of the following additional laboratory findings would be characteristic of ABO hemolytic disease in this infant?
A normal reticulocyte count
B. A positive direct Coombs test
Crescent-shaped red blood cells in the blood smear
D. Elevated hemoglobin
E. Petechiae
4. A 15-year-old boy comes to your office for a Special Olympics sports physical. His height is in the 3rd to 5th percentile and his weight is in the 50th percentile. Physical examination reveals a young man with shieldlike chest, cryptorchidism, low-set and malformed ears, ptosis, and pectus excavatum.
A. Coarctation of the aorta
B. ASD
C. Mitral valve prolapse
D. Pulmonic stenosis
E. Patent ductus arteriosis
Questions 3 to 5For each case presented, select the cardiovascular defect with which theexamination findings are most likely to be associated. 3. An infant in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) has shortenedlower distal arms but with thumbs. Her platelet count is profoundly low.
A. Coarctation of the aorta
B. ASD
C. Mitral valve prolapse
D. Pulmonic stenosis
E. Patent ductus arteriosis
A 2-year-old girl is playing in the garage with her Chihuahua, only partially supervised by her father, who is weed-whacking around the garden gnomes in the front yard. He finds her in the garage, gagging and vomiting. She smells of gasoline. In a few minutes she stops vomiting, but later that day she develops cough, tachypnea, and subcostal retractions. She is brought to your emergency center. Which of the following is the most appropriate first step in management?
Administer charcoal
Begin nasogastric lavage
C. Administer ipecac
D. Perform pulse oximetry and arterial blood gas
E. Administer gasoline-binding agent intravenously