The theory of comparative advantage believes that a country should produce only goods with which it is most efficient, and trade for those goods with which it is not efficient.
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Different from absolute advantage, the theory of comparative advantage holds that trade is beneficial to both countries even if one has an absolute advantage in the production of both goods to be traded.
Mercantilism excludes the facts that in many cases export is good for the economy.
The theory of Mercantilism says you should have a trade surplus by minimizing export through subsidies and maximizing import through tariffs and quotas.
Mercantilism believes hat all export of gold and silver be prohibited and all domestic money be kept in circulation.