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Irish Dolphins may Have a Unique Dialect Irish scientists monitoring dolphins living in a river estuary in the southwest of the country believe they may have developed a unique dialect to communicate with each other. The Shannon Dolphin and Wildlife Foundation (SDWF) has been studying a group of up to 120 bottle-nose dolphins in the River Shannon using vocalizations collected on a computer in a cow shed near the River Shannon. As part of a research project, student Ronan Hickey digitized and analyzed a total of 1,882 whistles from the Irish dolphins and those from the Welsh dolphins on a computer and separated them into six fundamental whistle types and 32 different categories. Of the categories, he found most were used by both sets of dolphins but eight were only heard from the Irish dolphins. "We are building up a catalogue of the different whistle types they use and trying to associate them with behavior like foraging, resting, socializing and the communications of groups with calves," project leader Simon Berrow said. "Essentially we are building up what is like a dictionary of words they use or sounds they make." Berrow, a marine biologist, said the dolphins’ clicks are used to find their way around and locate prey. The whistles are communications. "They do a whole range of other sounds like barks, groans and a kind of gunshot," he said. "The gunshot is an intense pulse of sound. Sperm whales use it to stun their prey." "When I first heard it I was surprised as I thought sperm whales were the only species who used it. We can speculate the dolphins are using it for the same reason as the sperm whales," Berrow said. References in local legend indicate there have been dolphins in the Shannon estuary for generations and they may even have been resident there as far back as the 6th century. They are regularly seen by passengers on the Shannon ferry and an estimated 25,000 tourists every year take special sightseeing tours on local boats to visit them. The difference in eating habits between the bottle-nose dolphins and the sperm whales interested the SDWF scientists.
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A. merging the regulatory operations of NASD and NYSEB. for the construction industry, schools and housesC. to shrink the cabinetD. as too little, too late to help Germany out of a recessionE. as a tough female leaderF. reducing costly duplications The investment plan announced by Cristina Fernandez intended______.
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Taking a Nap During the Day Medical experts say most Americans do not get (51) sleep. They say more Americans need to rest for a short period in the middle of the day. They are advising people to sleep lightly before (52) with other activities. One study earlier this year found that persons who sleep for a few minutes during the day were less (53) to die of disease. The study followed more than 2,300 Greek adults (54) about six years. Adult who rested for half an hour (55) three times a week had a 37 percent lower risk of dying from heart disease than those who did not nap. Study organizers said the strongest evidence was in working men. They said naps might improve (56) by mitigating tension caused by work. Some European and Latin American businesses have supported the (57) of napping for many years. They urge people to (58) work, go home and have a nap before returning. In the United States, some companies let workers rest briefly in their offices. They believe this reduces in their offices. They believe this reduces (59) and accidents, and (60) increases the amount of work a person can do. Sleep experts say it is likely that people make more mistakes at work than at other times. They say people should not carry out important duties when they feel (61) . And they say the best thing to do is to take a nap. About twenty minutes of rest is (62) you need. Experts say this provides extra energy and can increase your effectiveness (63) the end of the day. But experts warn that a nap (64) last no more than twenty to thirty minutes. A longer nap will put the body into deep sleep and waking up will be (65) .
Taking a Nap During the Day Medical experts say most Americans do not get (51) sleep. They say more Americans need to rest for a short period in the middle of the day. They are advising people to sleep lightly before (52) with other activities. One study earlier this year found that persons who sleep for a few minutes during the day were less (53) to die of disease. The study followed more than 2,300 Greek adults (54) about six years. Adult who rested for half an hour (55) three times a week had a 37 percent lower risk of dying from heart disease than those who did not nap. Study organizers said the strongest evidence was in working men. They said naps might improve (56) by mitigating tension caused by work. Some European and Latin American businesses have supported the (57) of napping for many years. They urge people to (58) work, go home and have a nap before returning. In the United States, some companies let workers rest briefly in their offices. They believe this reduces in their offices. They believe this reduces (59) and accidents, and (60) increases the amount of work a person can do. Sleep experts say it is likely that people make more mistakes at work than at other times. They say people should not carry out important duties when they feel (61) . And they say the best thing to do is to take a nap. About twenty minutes of rest is (62) you need. Experts say this provides extra energy and can increase your effectiveness (63) the end of the day. But experts warn that a nap (64) last no more than twenty to thirty minutes. A longer nap will put the body into deep sleep and waking up will be (65) .
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