题目内容
SECTION B INTERVIEW
Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.
Now listen to the interview.
听力原文：Interviewer: Today with Professor MeKay on our morning talk show. Good morning, Professor McKay.
Professor McKay: Good morning.
Interviewer: I've heard that you and your team have just completed a report on old age.
Professor McKay: That's right.
Interviewer: Could you tell me what your report is about？
Professor McKay' Well, the report basically looks into the very beliefs that people hold about old age and try to verify them. Interviewer: And what do you think your report can achieve？
Professor McKay: We hope that it would somehow help people to change their feelings about old age, the problem is that far too many of us believe that most old people are poor, lonely and unhappy. As a result we tend to rind old people as a group unattractive, and this is very dangerous for our society.
Interviewer: But surely we cannot escape the fact that many old people are lonely and many are sick.
Professor McKay: No, we can't. But we must also remember that the proportion of such people is no greater among the 60 to 70 age group than among the 50 to 60 age group.
Interviewer: In other words, there's no more mental illness, for example, among the 60s to 70s than among the 50s to 60s.
Professor McKay: Right, and why should there be？ Why should we expect people to suddenly change when they reach their 60th or 65th birthday any more than they did when they reached their 21st？
Interviewer: But one would expect there'd be more physical illness among old people, surely.
Professor McKay: Why should one expect this？ After all, those people who reach the age of 65 or 70 are the strongest among us. The weakest are mainly in childhood, then in their forties or riffles. Furthermore, by the time people reach 60 or 65, they have learned how to look after themselves. They keep warm, sleep regular hours and eat sensibly. Of course, some old people do suffer from physical illnesses, but these do not suddenly develop on their 656 birthday. People who are healthy in middle age tend to be healthy in old age, just as one would expect.
Interviewer: Do you find that young people these days are not as concerned about their parents as their parents were about theirs？
Professor McKay: We have found nothing that suggests that family feeling is either dying or dead. There does not appear to be large numbers of young people who are trying, for example, to have their dear old mother locked up in a mental hospital.
Interviewer: But don't many parents live apart from their married children than used to be the case？
Professor McKay: True, but this is because many more young families cannot afford to own their own homes these days than ever before. In other words, parents find their married children usually live in separate household because they prefer it that way, not because their children refuse to have their mum and dad living with them.
Interviewer: Is this a good thing, do you think？
Professor McKay: I think it's an excellent arrangement. We all like to keep our lives private, even from those we love dearly. I certainly don't think that it's fine to increase loneliness in old age.
Interviewer: Are people's mental abilities affected by old age？
Professor McKay: Certain changes do take place as we grow older, but this happens throughout life. These changes are very gradual, and happen at different time with different people. But in general, if you know a person well in his little age, and have seen how he deals with events and problems, you would easily recognize him in old age.
Interviewer: So that someone who enjoys new experiences--travel, education, and so on in
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听力原文：W: What type of term paper do you expect us to write？
M: Your term paper should be typed, double-spaced and not less than ten pages long.
Q: Who are the two speakers？
(15)
Our memories are fantastically complex, but anyone who has ever used a personal computer has a ready-made model with which to compare them. The computer model is not perfect, however. For a start, the largest mainframe. (主计算机)in the world can not compete with the potential brain power of human beings. Packed into even the thickest of human skulls are some 1,000 billion cells, or neurons, and each one can connect with thousands of its neighbors. Each connection represents a 'bit' of information and, in theory, we can carry more bits than there are atoms in the known universe.
There are two quite distinct types of memory-short-term and long-term. Our short-term memories are those which we hold on to for just as long as we need them. The vast majority of our everyday thoughts, sights and impressions are registered in the short-term memory only. They take the form. of patterns, or linked pathways, created by circulating currents of electrical energy. So long as the current is buzzing around its little route, the memory that it represents stays in the mind. But once the current dies down, the memory, too, starts to fade. While short-term memories consist of active electrical circuits, long-term memories are quite literally etched (铭刻) into our brains. It seems that if the pathways taken by a particular electrical current are well-trodden, or if the current passing along them is strong enough, the cells along the way change, so that the route or pattern is permanently marked.
Events which have strong meaning for us are particularly likely to be upgraded into the long-term memory. Part of the reason is probably that we go over and over these memories, keeping the pathways stimulated and the electrical current high. It's also likely that certain chemicals come into play, too. When we are excited, very happy, or frightened, our glands pump out chemicals such as adrenaline. One theory has it that some of these chemicals stimulate the neurons to alter their structure and forge permanent connections with each other.
It follows, then, that a memory formed when we are 'up' is more likely to stick than one registered when we are down. Several experiments seem to bear this out. In one, a group of students was first shown an exciting film, then given a list of words to memorize. Another group was shown a miserable film, then given the same learning task. Next day the group who watched the happy film could remember 20% more words than the other group.
About the memory in comparison with the computer the writer says that ______.
Which of the following is intended to be a pair of contrast in the passage？
Which of the following in the first paragraph does NOT indicate crowds of people？
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