题目内容
Jack London was a famous American writer (作家). Be was born on January 12. 1876. in San Francisco (旧金山). Call fomia. His hnlily was very poor. and Jack had 1o leave schcool to lnakc money. He worked hard in many different jobs Later. Jack returned to school. hul he didn’t stay krug. lie wrole. "Lifu and pocketbook (袖珍书) were both too short. " In 1897. he wenl 1o Alaska m find gold Instead. he fimnd ideas them for his hooks and stodes. He returned (返回) home and started Io write. His writings were successful (成功的). and he became rich and famous in his twenties. Jack London was not a happy man. however. In poor heahh. he took his own life (自杀) in 1916. He was only 4O years old. He went to Alaska
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Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. Although there are body languages that can cross cultural boundaries, culture is still a significant factor in all body languages. This is particularly true of personal space needs. For example, Dr. Edward Hall has shown that in Japan crowding together is a sign of warm and pleasant intimacy. In certain situations, Hall believes that the Japanese prefer crowding. Donald Keene, who wrote Living Japan, notes the fact that in the Japanese language there is no word for privacy. Still, this does not mean that there is no concept of the need to be apart from others. To the Japanese, privacy exists in terms of his house. He considers this area to be his own, and he dislikes invasion of it. The fact that he crowds together with others does not contradict his need for living space. Dr. Hall sees this as a reflection of the Japanese concept of space. Westerners, he believed, see space as the distance between objects; to them space is empty. The Japanese, on the other hand, see space as having as much meaning as their flower arrangements and art, and the shape of their gardens as well, where units of space balance the areas containing flowers or plants. Like the Japanese, the Arabs too prefer to be close to one another. But while in public they are crowded together, in privacy, they prefer a great deal of space. The traditional or wealthy Arab house is large and empty, with family often crowded together in one small area of it. The Arabs do not like to be alone, and even in their spacious houses they will huddle together. The difference between the Arab huddling and the Japanese crowding is a deep thing. The Arabs like to touch his companion. The Japanese, in their closeness, preserve a formality and a cool dignity. They manage to touch and still keep rigid boundaries. The Arabs push these boundaries aside. Along with this closeness, there is a pushing and shoving in the Arab world that many Westerners find uncomfortable, even unpleasant. To an American, for example, there are personal boundaries even in a public place. When he is waiting in line, he believes that his place there is his alone, and may not be invaded by another. The Arab has no concept of privacy in the public place, and if he can rush his way into a line, he feels perfectly within his rights to do so. To an American, the body is sacred; he dislikes being touched by a stranger, and will apologize if he touches another accidentally. To an Arab, bodily contact is accepted. Hall points out that an Arab needs at times to be alone, no matter how close he wishes to be, physically, to his fellow men. To be alone, he simply cuts off the lines of communication. He retreats into himself, mentally and spiritually, and this withdrawal is respected by his companions. If an American were with an Arab who withdrew in this way, he would regard it as impolite, as lack of respect, even as an insult. When an Arab wants to be alone, he ______.
Then in the 1830s came the invention of the telegraph.The telegraphist could send messages from lands hundreds of miles away more quickly than a horseman could deliver a letter from the next village. Of course, mistakes were made and some of them were very funny. Sending a telegram to London from the other end of the world was at first very costly. So telegraphists used as few words as possible. Sometimes words were misspelt and the telegrams were difficult to understand. Here is a famous example. When the very first railway line was started in Queensland, Australia, the governor himself dug the first piece of earth. This was an important event. So a telegram was sent to Lon don. It read, "Governor Queensland turns (digs) first sod (piece of earth)." But when the telegram arrived, it read, "Governor Queensland twins’ first son." The newspapers then printed the exciting news that the Governor’s wife had had twins, the first one being a boy! This came as a great surprise to everybody, because the governor was not married! The telegraphist could send messages more quickly than a horseman could().
Section A Directions: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. Both the dialogues and questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. What does the man mean？（）
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