2. What happens when the muscle torque is less than the load torque?
A. (A) the muscle lengthens
B. (B) the muscle shortens
C. (C) no reaction
D. (D) first lengthens then shortens
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1. What does the muscle torque overcome when a movement starts or stops?
A. (A) reacting force
B. (B) gravity
C. (C) inertia
D. (D) all of above
Which is wrong about motor controls in the brain?
A. (A) reaching movement does not need the premotor cortex
B. (B) some neurons in the parietal and premotor cortexes respond to both tactile and visual stimuli
C. (C) neurons in the parietal reach area encode the target location in eye-centered coordinates
D. (D) distinct parietofrontal pathways are involved in the visuomotor transformations for reaching and grasping
Which brain area is responsible for decisions of response choices?
A. (A) prefrontal cortex
B. (B) premotor cortex
C. (C) primary motor cortex
D. (D) supplementary motor cortex
Which is the role of sensory inputs from somatic mechanoreceptors?
A. (A) feedback learning
B. (B) feed-forward learning
C. (C) adaptive learning
D. (D) all of above