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Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. Electricity plays an essential part in our life. No one can deny that electric light is necessary for people’s life. However, can you imagine such a world where there is no (21) of electric light As darkness falls over, children read in the light given by oil lamps and candles. Youths (22) time only by talking instead of watching TV. Everything is surrounded by (23) shadows. (24) , we have a man named Edison. He created bulb that (25) for two days before burning out. He also developed successfully a system for (26) electricity from a central powerhouse. It is he that gives us electric light, gramophone, moving pictures--all those we take (27) granted. After the invention of electricity, manufacturers increasingly applied the findings of invention to their businesses, (28) generating new industrial growth. Development of electricity leads to the (29) creations of new products and materials. In the past century and a half, electricity has steadily (30) . At first, it is scientific curiosity, then to a luxurious part of the (31) , and then to being necessary in every one’s life. Electricity has been common in the latest fifty years. Simple tasks, such as setting alarm clock to wake up at a (32) time or enjoying a piece of music, are accomplished via electronic means. We live with the benefits of electricity every day. As a result, we always think that whenever we (33) our gadgets into the wall socket, the power will be there. For most modern people, the loss of power means the complete loss of (34) . Their lifestyle is so dependent upon the grid’s constancy (35) they do not know how to live without it. How do you cook a meal without electricity if your gas stove has an electric ignition Please imagine the life without electricity further. What do you do with a freezer full of food in a hot day How do you find out what is happening in your area with the TV and radio off These are questions which should be seriously considered. Let us imagine the (36) of a short power outage together. Factories close down; phones and computers go dead; food (37) in refrigerators. What a disordered life that would be! All the convenience which electricity has brought to our life should owe to Edison. When Edison died at his home in New Jersey in 1931, the whole United States were switched off to mark his passing, and in (38) of the man whose discoveries had so changed and improved the life of people everywhere. For a moment, all was (39) -- as the world had always been before, until Edison (40) on the light.
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Directions: This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are THREE parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C. Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1. If you have any questions, you may raise your hand NOW as you will not be allowed to speak once the test has started. Now look at Part A in your test booklet.Part A Directions: For Questions 1—5, you will hear a brief introduction to Scotland. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below.
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. Electricity plays an essential part in our life. No one can deny that electric light is necessary for people’s life. However, can you imagine such a world where there is no (21) of electric light As darkness falls over, children read in the light given by oil lamps and candles. Youths (22) time only by talking instead of watching TV. Everything is surrounded by (23) shadows. (24) , we have a man named Edison. He created bulb that (25) for two days before burning out. He also developed successfully a system for (26) electricity from a central powerhouse. It is he that gives us electric light, gramophone, moving pictures--all those we take (27) granted. After the invention of electricity, manufacturers increasingly applied the findings of invention to their businesses, (28) generating new industrial growth. Development of electricity leads to the (29) creations of new products and materials. In the past century and a half, electricity has steadily (30) . At first, it is scientific curiosity, then to a luxurious part of the (31) , and then to being necessary in every one’s life. Electricity has been common in the latest fifty years. Simple tasks, such as setting alarm clock to wake up at a (32) time or enjoying a piece of music, are accomplished via electronic means. We live with the benefits of electricity every day. As a result, we always think that whenever we (33) our gadgets into the wall socket, the power will be there. For most modern people, the loss of power means the complete loss of (34) . Their lifestyle is so dependent upon the grid’s constancy (35) they do not know how to live without it. How do you cook a meal without electricity if your gas stove has an electric ignition Please imagine the life without electricity further. What do you do with a freezer full of food in a hot day How do you find out what is happening in your area with the TV and radio off These are questions which should be seriously considered. Let us imagine the (36) of a short power outage together. Factories close down; phones and computers go dead; food (37) in refrigerators. What a disordered life that would be! All the convenience which electricity has brought to our life should owe to Edison. When Edison died at his home in New Jersey in 1931, the whole United States were switched off to mark his passing, and in (38) of the man whose discoveries had so changed and improved the life of people everywhere. For a moment, all was (39) -- as the world had always been before, until Edison (40) on the light.
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. Electricity plays an essential part in our life. No one can deny that electric light is necessary for people’s life. However, can you imagine such a world where there is no (21) of electric light As darkness falls over, children read in the light given by oil lamps and candles. Youths (22) time only by talking instead of watching TV. Everything is surrounded by (23) shadows. (24) , we have a man named Edison. He created bulb that (25) for two days before burning out. He also developed successfully a system for (26) electricity from a central powerhouse. It is he that gives us electric light, gramophone, moving pictures--all those we take (27) granted. After the invention of electricity, manufacturers increasingly applied the findings of invention to their businesses, (28) generating new industrial growth. Development of electricity leads to the (29) creations of new products and materials. In the past century and a half, electricity has steadily (30) . At first, it is scientific curiosity, then to a luxurious part of the (31) , and then to being necessary in every one’s life. Electricity has been common in the latest fifty years. Simple tasks, such as setting alarm clock to wake up at a (32) time or enjoying a piece of music, are accomplished via electronic means. We live with the benefits of electricity every day. As a result, we always think that whenever we (33) our gadgets into the wall socket, the power will be there. For most modern people, the loss of power means the complete loss of (34) . Their lifestyle is so dependent upon the grid’s constancy (35) they do not know how to live without it. How do you cook a meal without electricity if your gas stove has an electric ignition Please imagine the life without electricity further. What do you do with a freezer full of food in a hot day How do you find out what is happening in your area with the TV and radio off These are questions which should be seriously considered. Let us imagine the (36) of a short power outage together. Factories close down; phones and computers go dead; food (37) in refrigerators. What a disordered life that would be! All the convenience which electricity has brought to our life should owe to Edison. When Edison died at his home in New Jersey in 1931, the whole United States were switched off to mark his passing, and in (38) of the man whose discoveries had so changed and improved the life of people everywhere. For a moment, all was (39) -- as the world had always been before, until Edison (40) on the light.
Text 4 As one of the biggest restaurants in the world, McDonald’s origination and development has been a miracle in this field. The McDonald’s story began in 1954 in San Bernardino, California. At first, the restaurant is run by two brothers, Dick and Mac McDonald. It didn’t go very well at first; at one time it was nearly closed. However, the two brothers insisted on and overcame the difficulties, and made it turn for the better day by day. Ray Kroc, a milk shake machine salesman, saw the massive potential of the brothers’ business and decided to get involved. He purchased the rights from the brothers, on April 15th, 1955. He became the McDonald brothers’ first franchisee when he opened his own McDonald’s restaurant in Des Plaines, a suburb just north of Chicago. The entry of Ray Kroc into the business contributed to the development in the history of McDonald’s. He bought the rights to expand the McDonald’s concept outside of California and Arizona, and quickly built the restaurant chain and by 1959 over 100 restaurants were in operation. What is the secret of Ray Kroc As a matter of fact, the restaurant was a favor for many of the Iocal teens at first and the menu was primarily barbeque items. Eight years later, the restaurant was closed for several months as it was renovated to become a restaurant that served food and was easy to prepare and served quickly. The food was very limited including Hamburgers, French fries and cold drinks. The employees prided themselves on creating an assembly line type of food preparation and being speedy in getting their food to the customers. The very basic step paved the path to glory. It separated McDonald’s from the rest of the competitors and attributes to their great success. The restaurant proved to be an instant success. By 1984, McDonald’s served 17 million customers a day that was equivalent to serving lunch to the entire population of Australia and New Zealand. Today, McDonald’s becomes one of the most famous and successful "fast food" chain in America and the world. McDonald’s restaurants are now located in 31,000 locations all over the world, and the company employs more than 1.5 million people. Just have a look at its development in UK. In September 2004 the UK company owned restaurants employed 43,491 people: 40,699 hourly-paid restaurant employees, 2,292 restaurant managers, and 500 office staff. McDonald’s franchisees employed a further 25,000 people. What is the main idea of this passage
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