题目内容

共用题干题在RUP中采用“4+1”视图模型来描述软件系统的体系结构。在该模型中，最终用户侧重于（1），系统工程师侧重于（2）。空白（1）处应选择（）

A. 实现视图
B. 进程视图
C. 逻辑视图
D. 部署视图

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下列关于软件需求管理或需求开发的叙述中，正确的是（）

A. 所谓需求管理是指对需求开发的管理
B. 需求管理包括：需求获取、需求分析、需求定义和需求验证
C. 需求开发是将用户需求转化为应用系统成果的过程
D. 在需求管理中，要求维持对用户原始需求和所有产品构件需求的双向跟踪

某公司欲开发一个漫步者机器人，用来完成火星探测任务。机器人的控制者首先定义探测任务和任务之间的时序依赖性，机器人接受任务后，需要根据自身状态和外界环境进行动态调整，最终自动完成任务。针对这些需求，该机器人应该采用（）架构风格最为合适。

A. 解释器
B. 主程序-子程序
C. 隐式调用
D. 管道-过滤器

共用题干题基于软件架构的设计（Architecture Based Software Development，ABSD）强调由商业、质量和功能需求的组合驱动软件架构设计。它强调采用（1）来描述软件架构，采用（2）来描述需求。空白（1）处应选择（）

A. 类图和序列图
B. 视角与视图
C. 构件和类图
D. 构件与功能

共用题干题The software architecture is a set of software components, subsystems, relationships, interactions, the properties of each of these elements, and the set of guiding principles that together constitute the fundamental properties and constraints of a software system or set of systems. (1) defines a general set of element types and their interactions. The examples include Pipes and Filters, Model-View-Controller, and Reflection. A (2) in software architecture is a representation used to understand or document one or more aspects of a problem or solution. Architecture is usually used in conjunction with many adjunct terms. The (3) defines the key strategies, organization, goals and related processes of the enterprise. At the enterprise level, the (4) may be more of a set of guidelines on how the various software architectures should be constructed consistently across the enterprise. The (5) , which describes the high-level set of elements involved in application from a particular domain along with their interactions, is often used to focus on subsystem definition rather than application process level definition. 空白（3）处应选择（）

A. enterprise architecture
B. technical architecture
C. infrastructure architecture
D. business architecture