题目内容
听力原文：M: Ow ! That hurts !
W: What happened？ Did you cut yourself？
M: Yes—on the edge of this paper. How can such a little cut hurt so much？ I'm not even bleeding, but my finger really hurts.
W: You know, I read something about that. It turns out that a little cut on a finger can hurt a lot more than a big cut somewhere else.
M: Why？ That doesn't make any sense.
W: Actually, it does. There are more nerve endings in your hands than almost anywhere else in the body, and it's the nerve endings that allow you to feel pain.
M: I guess that's true.
W: Also, a little cut like yours won't damage the nerve endings, just irritate them. If they were dam aged. you'd feel less pain, but the wound could be more serious.
M: So I suppose I should be happy my finger hurts so much？
W: Right. Now go get yourself a bandage.
M: Why？ You just told me it's not serious.
W: It's not, but it does seem to be bothering you. Putting a bandage over the cut will keep the skin from drying and will help the skin stay together. If the skin stays together, the nerve endings won't be exposed, and the cut will hurt less.
(23)
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Read the advice about cooperation.
Choose the best word to fill each gap, from A, B, C or D on the opposite page.
For each question 19—33 mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.
One answer has been given as an example at the beginning.
CATSA
Gia Andina de Triconos(CATSA) , a Bolivian joint venture of the U. S. Dresser Industries and local investors, which had based its investment(19)…an allocation under the metalworking program, closed its doors after(20)…to penetrate the Andean market after more than two years in operation.
The prospect of(21)…access to the Andean market, plus protection provided by a 55 percent" ad valorem" common outer tariff on bits sourced from outside the bloc, made the sales outlook seem(22)…However, CATSA's" monopoly" position in Ancom proved specious. (23)…the plant went on stream in 1974, the company was never able to export a single drill bit to the Andean market;and its local sales were(24)…a state-owned petroleum company. This market was clearly(25)…, since the operation had been based on exporting the bulk of the plant's 200-unit-per-month capacity to the Andean area.
CATSA could not penetrate the Ancom market for several reasons:
Although Ancom (26)…a 55 percent common outer tariff on third-country imports, some Ancom countries had previously (27)…LAFTA(Latin American Free Trade Association)tariff concessions, which take precedence over the Ancom tariffs.
Ancom members simply did not (28)…the spirit of the metalworking agreement. After the installation of the CATSA facility, plants producing tricorne bits (29)…in Peru and Venezuela. Under the metalworking program, participating (30)…were committed to prohibiting new foreign investment in allocations of other Ancom countries. But on the question of new investment by local industry, the obligation was only not to encourage it, with no requirement to prevent it. (31)…Venezuela, it has no commitment to limit local production or to honour the outer tariff, because it was not yet a member of Ancom when the metalworking agreement was signed and was thus not a (32)…to the pact.
Also, according to Bolivia, Colombia and Ecuador employed (33)…obstacles to avoid applying the common outer tariff.
The withdrawal of Chile from Ancom cost Bolivia a lucrative potential market, too.
(19)
John Styth Pemberton and Asa Griggs Candler were alike in the respect that both of them______.
Look at the article about Coca Cola and the questions below.
For each question mark one letter A, B, C, D on your Answer Sheet, for the answer you choose.
A Brief History of Coke
Nowadays, Coca-Cola's trademark is well known around the world and its products average a staggering 400 million servings per day in more than 155 countries. According to legend, it began in a three-legged kettle in the back yard of Atlanta pharmacist Dr. John Styth Permberton who carried a jug of his concoction down the street to Jacob's Pharmacyy where it was sold at the soda fountain for 5 cents a glass. Frank Robinson, Pemberton's partner and bookkeeper thought two " C" s would look good in advertising and wrote " Coca-Cola" in the flowering script. so famous today.
It is significant that Permberton spent almost twice as much money on advertising during the first years of operation as he made in profits, for the growth of Coke's popularity is as much due to the advertising and marketing strategy as it is to the quality of its product. By continually monitoring changes in consumer attitudes and behaviour, the Coca-Cola Co. has become a widely recognized leader in advertising.
Pemberton could not foresee the greatest future awaiting his soft drink and sold out. Asa Griggs Candler bought the business and organized the Coca-Cola Co. into a Georgia corporation. In 1893, he registered Coca-Cola as a trademark.
Under Candler's leadership, the company began to grow quickly. In order to instigate a demand for the product, he spent heavily on advertising. Signs were put up from coast and appeared on calendars, serving trays and other merchandising items, urging people to drink Coke. Candler's campaign paid off.
Candler was a creative talent at advertising, but showed little imagination in understanding Coke's marketing potential. In 1899, he sold the right to bottle Coke throughout most of the United State for $ 1, which he never bothered to collect. Candler saw Coke primarily as a soda-fountain drink. But two far-sighted businessmen from Chattanooga, Tennessee, Benjamin Franklin Thomas and Joseph Brown Whitehead, understood the potential, and, for the unpaid dollar, bought a franchise that became worth millions. Their agreement with Candler began the franchising bottling system that still remains the foundation of the Coca-Cola Co.'s soft drink operations. Thomas and Whitehead sold the rights to bottle Coke to franchisers in every part of the country in return for the bottler's agreement to invest in the necessary resources and effort to make the franchise a success. During the following decade, 179 bottling plants went into operation.
In the early 20th century, Coke blazed the advertising trail, developing innovative concepts that became accepted practices in the filed. One of the most effective was the distribution and redemption of complimentary tickets, entitling the holder to a glass of free Coke at the soda fountain of a dispenser.
The trademark Coca-Cola was originally coined by______.
According. to Williams, the victims of ostracism tend to be ______.
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