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Best known for his research in statistical mechanics and meson physics, Chen Ning Yang shared the Nobel Prize in 1957 to another physicist from the United States, Tsung-dao Lee.

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David Cameron has noticed that health and safety regulations stop schools taking children out on field trips, outdoor activities or just collect autumn leaves down the local park. And the【M1】 Department for Children, Schools and Families is to issue guidelines about extra-curricular activities, with aiming to get【M2】 pupils out of classrooms and back into the real world. I suppose school-organized, adult-supervised activities are better than nothing. And theyre really not good enough. Indeed,【M3】 excess health and safety measures at school are just the tip of the【M4】 risk aversion iceberg leaving increasing numbers of young people without the emotional resilience, social competence and personal confidence to thrive in our society. The Institute for Public Research, couple of years ago, found British youngsters at or near【M5】 the top of the European charts for almost every type of teenage misconduct. Nothing is mightily wrong with childhood in Britain,【M6】 and after thirty years working with children and teachers(the last eight years which were spent researching toxic childhood), I【M7】 reckon my risk aversion—not just in schools but in every area of【M8】 life—is a major part of the problem. A combination of parental anxiety, community intolerance and all-pervasive risk aversion now threaten the mental and【M9】 physical health of the next generation. This is becoming a matter【M10】 of urgency that we reclaim public space for our children and relearn skills that came naturally to our ancestors.
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If our brains were computers, wed simply add a chip to upgrade our memory. The human brain, therefore, is more【M1】 complex than even the most advanced machine, so improving our memory isn t quite so easy. Just as it takes effort to build physical fitness, so is boosting brain power.【M2】 A strong memory depends on the health and vital of your【M3】 brain. Whether youre a student studying for final exams, a working professional interested in doing all he can to stay【M4】 mentally sharp, and a senior looking to preserve and enhance【M5】 your intelligence as you age, there are lots of things from【M6】 which you can do to improve your memory and mental performance. They say that you cant teach an old dog new tricks, but when it comes to the brain, scientists have discovered that this old proverb simply isnt true. The human brain has astonishing ability to adapt and change—even into【M7】 older age. This ability is known as neuroplasticity. With the【M8】 right stimulation, your brain can form. new neural pathways, alter existing connections, and adapt and react in ever-changing ways. The brains incredible ability to reshape itself hold true【M9】 when it comes to learning and memorizing. You can harness【M10】 the natural power of neuroplasticity to increase your cognitive abilities, enhance your ability to learn new information, and improve your memory.
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The book is dead. Technology has killed it. The libraries of the world are dooming to become museums. Americans, however,【M1】 attend to bring an either-or mentality to most things. The invention【M2】 of television led to predictions about the demise of radio. The making of movies was to be the funeral bell of alive theater;【M3】 recorded music, the end of concerts. All these forms still exist—sometimes overshadowed by their siblings, but not smothered by them. And with the direst predictions, reading【M4】 continues to be part of the life of the mind. Theres no question that reading off-paper, as I think of it, will increase in years to come. A library that got 10 as gifts【M5】 reported that within a half hour they had all checked out. And【M6】 theres no question that once again we will be treated to lamentations suggesting that true literacy has become the lost art. The difference this time is that we will confront with elitism from【M7】 both sides. Not only have literary purists now complain of the【M8】 evanescent nature of letters onscreen, the tech fanatics have become equally disdainful of the old form. Perhaps we should look past both sides to concern ourselves with function instead of form. I am cheered by the Gallup poll in【M9】 which asks a simple question: do you happen to be reading any books or novels at present？ In 1952 a merely 18 percent of【M10】 respondents said yes. The last time the survey was done, in 2005, that number was 47 percent. So much for the good old days.
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Schools throughout the world are experiencing a period of rapid change and, in many cases, are finding that extremely【M1】 difficult to achieve a balance among a number of critical concerns. Some of the issues that educators and schools are facing include certainty about what academic and cultural knowledge and skills【M2】 will be needed by students in the future, wholesale revisions of curricula, experimentation in teaching strategies, the need for teachers and students to become aware and competent in using【M3】 new technologies, dramatic changes in bureaucratic and legislating【M4】 policies and regulations, and increased demands on teachers. With the exception of the education system in the United States, perhaps no education system has been studied more【M5】 intensively than of Japan. In 2001, in a well-balanced presentation【M6】 of the Japanese model of schooling, including its similarities to and fro differences with that in the United States, Tsuneyoshi【M7】 characterized the American approach to education as one that places an emphasis on competitiveness, individual attention from teachers along with individual accomplishment on the part of students, development of cognitive abilities, and separation of teachers in terms of their disciplines. In contrary, the Japanese【M8】 approach(particularly at the elementary school level)focuses on the "whole child"; close interactions between teachers and pupils for long periods of time in cooperative settings with attention to collected goals, tasks, and rewards; and efforts to provide the same【M9】 or very similar treatment for all students. One advantage of the American approach that is seriously missed in the Japanese【M10】 approach is the formers attention to diversity and a sensitivity and concern for minority rights.
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