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按照《证券投资基金法》和其他相关法规的规定,基金财产不得用于向他人贷款或者提供担保。( )

A. 对
B. 错

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The need for solar electricity is clear. It is safe, ecologically sound, efficient, continuously available, and is has no moving parts. The basic problem with the use of solar photovoltaic devices is economics, but until recently very little progress has been made toward the development of low-cost photovoltaic devices. The larger part of research funding has been devoted to study of single-crystal silicon solar cells, despite the evidence, including that of the leading manufacturers of crystalline silicon, that the technique holds little promise. The reason for this pattern is understandable and historical. Crystalline silicon is the active element in the Very successful semiconductor industry, and virtually all of the solid state devices contain silicon transistors and diodes. Crystalline silicon, however, is particularly unsuitable to terrestrial solar cells. Crystalline silicon solar cells work well and are successfully used in the space program, where cost is not an issue. While single-crystal silicon has been proven in extraterrestrial use with efficiencies as high as 18 percent, and other more expensive and scarce materials such as gallium arsenide can have even higher efficiencies, costs must be reduced by a factor of more than 100 to make them practical for commercial use. Beside the fact that the starting crystalline silicon is expensive, 95 percent of it is wasted and does not appear in the final device. Recently, there have been some imaginative attempts to make polycrystalline and ribbon silicon, which are lower in cost than high-quality single crystals. But to date the efficiencies of these apparently lower-cost arrays have been unacceptably small. Moreover, these materials are cheaper only because of the introduction of disordering in crystalline semiconductors, and disorder degrades the efficiency of crystalline solar cells. This dilemma can be avoided by preparing completely disordered or amorphous materials. Amorphous materials have disordered atomic structure as compared to crystalline materials. That is, they have only short-range order rather than the long-range periodicity of crystals. The advantages of amorphous solar cells are impressive. Whereas crystals can be grown as wafers about four inches in diameter, amorphous materials can be grown over large areas in a single process. Whereas crystalline silicon must be made 200 microns thick to absorb a sufficient, amount of sunlight for efficient energy conversion, only 1 micron of the proper amorphous materials is necessary. Crystalline silicon solar cells cost in excess of $100 per square foot, but amorphous films can be created at a cost of about 50 per square foot. Although many scientists were aware of the very low cost of amorphous solar cells, they felt that they could never be manufactured with the efficiencies necessary to contribute significantly to the demand for electric power. This was based on a misconception about the feature which determines efficiency. For example, it is not the conductivity of the material in the dark which is relevant, but only the photoconductivity, that is the conductivity in the presence of sunlight. Already, solar cells with efficiencies well above 6 percent have been developed using amorphous materials, and further research will doubtless find even less costly amorphous materials with higher efficiencies. The tone of the passage can best be described as ______.

A. analytical and optimistic
B. biased and unprofessional
C. critical and discouraged
D. tentative and inconclusive

流通国债是指可以在流通市场上交易的国债。这种国债的特征是投资者可以自由认购、自由转让,通常不记名,转让价格取决于对该国债的供给与需求。( )

A. 对
B. 错

王某在某机票代理处购买四天后起飞的打折机票一张。第二天,由于特殊原因,王某向该机票代理处提出退票申请。机票代理处虽然同意退票,但告知王某打折机票的退票费需按机票原价的50%扣除,王某对此提出异议。日后,王某又与承运人某航空公司交涉。航空公司认为,本承运合同的当事人应是王某与机票代理处,自己不存在违约问题,尽管机票上印有退票条款,但退票费的收取应按航空行政管理部门有关内部文件的规定执行。王某认为,航空公司的行为违反了诚信原则,并且未尽告知义务,已构成违约。在协商未果的情况下,王某向法院提起诉讼,要求航空公司及代理处返还扣除的退票费。 相关背景资料: (1)机票上有关退票的规定:旅客在客票上列明的航班规定离站时间24小时以前要求退票的,退票手续费由承运人规定;在航班规定离站时间24小时以内至2小时以前要求退票的,收取客票价10%的退票费。 (2)航空行政管理部门有关“打折机票收取50%的退票费”的规定,未曾正式向外公告,只是在管理部门指定的航机读物,即行业报纸上以新闻形式出现。 (3)机票上有关退票的规定是执行航空旅客货物运输规则中的相关规定。 (4)航空行政管理部门有关打折机票退票费的文件实施时间,晚于航空旅客货物运输规则的实施时间。 (5)对机票上“退票手续费由承运人规定”的条文,航空公司没有证据证明原告已经知道。 根据法律规定,本案中( )。

A. 代理处没有尽到告知义务,存在缔约过失,该合同应被认定无效
B. 航空公司的行为不构成违约
C. 航空公司的行为构成违约,但应由航空行政管理部门对王某承担责任
D. 航空公司的行为构成违约,应当承担责任
E. 航空公司和航空行政管理部门应共同承担违约责任

平衡型基金一般将25%~50%的资产投资于债券及优先股,其余的投资于普通股。 ( )

A. 对
B. 错

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