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The boy _____ there is my younger brother .
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Passage 3 It can be argued that much consumer dissatisfaction with marketing strategies arises from an inability to aim advertising at only the likely buyers of a given product. There are three groups of consumers who are affected by the marketing process. First, there is the market segment-people who need the commodity in question. Second, there is the program target-people in the market segment with the "best fit" characteristics for a specific product. Lots of people may need trousers, but only a few qualify as likely buyers of very expensive designer trousers. Finally, there is the program audience all people who are actually exposed to the marketing program without regard to whether they need or want the product. These three groups are rarely identical. An exception occurs occasionally in cases where customers for a particular industrial product may be few and easily identifiable. Such customers, all sharing a particular need, are likely to form a meaningful target, for example, all companies with a particular application of the product in question, such as high-speed fillers of bottles at breweries. In such circumstances, direct selling (marketing that reaches only the program target) is likely to be economically justified, and highly specialized trade media exist to expose members of the program target--and only members of the program target--to the marketing program. Most consumer-goods markets are significantly different. Typically, there are many rather than few potential customers. Each represents a relatively small percentage of potential sales. Rarely do members of a particular market segment group themselves neatly into a meaningful program target. There are substantial differences among consumers with similar demographic characteristics. Even with all the past decade’s advances in information technology, direct selling of consumer goods is rare, and mass marketing--a marketing approach that aims at a wide audience--remains the only economically feasible mode. Unfortunately, there are few media that allow the marketer to direct a marketing program exclusively to the program target. Inevitably, people get exposed to a great deal of marketing for products in which they have no interest and so they become annoyed. The author suggests which of the following about direct selling
案情：甲、乙国有企业与另外7家国有企业拟联合组建设立永发有限责任公司(以下简称永发公司)，公司章程的部分内容是：公司股东会除召开定期会议外，还可以召开临时会议，临时会议须经代表1/2以上表决权的股东、1/2以上的董事或1/2以上的监事提议召开。在申请公司设立登记时，工商行政管理机关指出了公司章程中规定的关于召开临时股东会议方面的不合法之处。经全体股东协商后，予以纠正。 2005年3月，永发公司依法登记设立，注册资本为1亿元，其中甲以工业产权出资，协议作价金额1200万元；乙出资2400万元，是出资最多的股东。公司成立后，由甲召集和主持首次股东会会议，设立了董事会。2005年5月，永发公司董事会发现，甲作为出资的工业产权的实际价额显著低于公司章程所定的价额，为了使公司股东出资总额仍达到1亿元，董事会提出了解决方案：由甲补足差额；如果甲不能补足差额，则由其他股东按出资比例分担该差额。 2006年5月，公司经过一段时间的运作后，经济效益较好，董事会拟定了一个增加注册资本的方案，方案提出将公司现有的注册资本由1亿元增加到1.5亿元。增资方案提交到股东会讨论表决时，有7家股东赞成增资。7家股东出资总和为5830万元，占表决权总数的 58.3%；有2家股东不赞成增资，2家股东出资总和为4170万元，占表决权总数的41.7%。股东会通过增资决议，并授权董事会执行。 2006年3月，永发公司因业务发展需要，依法成立了上海分公司。上海分公司在生产经营过程中，因违约被诉至法院，对方以永发公司是上海分公司的总公司为由，要求永发公司承担违约责任。 根据上述事实，请按照《公司法》的规定，分析回答下列问题： 永发公司是否应承担上海分公司的违约责任说明理由。
The fitness movement that began in the late 1960s and early 1970s centered around aerobic exercise (有氧操). Millions of individuals became engaged in a variety of aerobic activities, and literally thousands of health spas developed around the country to capitalize (获利) on this emerging interest in fitness, particularly aerobic dancing for females. A number of fitness spas existed prior to this aerobic fitness movement, even a national chain with spas in most major cities. However, their focus was not on aerobics, but rather on weight-training programs designed to develop muscular mass, strength, and endurance in their primarily male enthusiasts. These fitness spas did not seem to benefit financially from the aerobic fitness movement to better health, since medical opinion suggested that weight-training programs offered few, if any, health benefits. In recent years, however, weight training has again become increasingly popular for males and for females. Many current programs focus not only on developing muscular strength and endurance but on aerobic fitness as well. Historically, most physical-fitness tests have usually included measures of muscular strength and endurance, not for health-related reasons, but primarily because such fitness components have been related to performance in athletics. However, in recent years, evidence has shown that training programs designed primarily to improve muscular strength and endurance might also offer some health benefits as well. The American College of Sports Medicine now recommends that weight training be part of a total fitness program for healthy Americans. Increased participation in such training is one of the specific physical activity and fitness objectives of Healthy People 2000, National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives. Recent studies have suggested that weight training ______.
The fitness movement that began in the late 1960s and early 1970s centered around aerobic exercise (有氧操). Millions of individuals became engaged in a variety of aerobic activities, and literally thousands of health spas developed around the country to capitalize (获利) on this emerging interest in fitness, particularly aerobic dancing for females. A number of fitness spas existed prior to this aerobic fitness movement, even a national chain with spas in most major cities. However, their focus was not on aerobics, but rather on weight-training programs designed to develop muscular mass, strength, and endurance in their primarily male enthusiasts. These fitness spas did not seem to benefit financially from the aerobic fitness movement to better health, since medical opinion suggested that weight-training programs offered few, if any, health benefits. In recent years, however, weight training has again become increasingly popular for males and for females. Many current programs focus not only on developing muscular strength and endurance but on aerobic fitness as well. Historically, most physical-fitness tests have usually included measures of muscular strength and endurance, not for health-related reasons, but primarily because such fitness components have been related to performance in athletics. However, in recent years, evidence has shown that training programs designed primarily to improve muscular strength and endurance might also offer some health benefits as well. The American College of Sports Medicine now recommends that weight training be part of a total fitness program for healthy Americans. Increased participation in such training is one of the specific physical activity and fitness objectives of Healthy People 2000, National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives. Early fitness spas were intended mainly for ______.
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