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LEN(“计算机”)＜LEN(“COMPUTER”)= 【7】。

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上市公司利用非公开发行方式发行股票相比较公开发行方式发行股票而言有利于引入战略投资者和机构投资者。( )

A. 对
B. 错

Background Information Public relations (PR)is the practice of managing the flow of information between an organization and its public. Public relations gain an organization or individual exposure to their audiences using topics of public interest and news items that do not require direct payment. Because public relations place exposure in credible third-party outlets, it offers a third-party legitimacy that advertising does not have. Common activities include speaking at conferences, working with the press, and employee communication. PR can be used to build rapport with employees, customers, investors, voters, or the general public. Almost any organization that has a stake in how it is portrayed in the public arena employs some level of public relations. A number of specialties exist within the field of public relations, such as Analyst Relations, Media Relations, Investor Relations or Labor Relations. Public Relations A company does not function in a vacuum, but rather as part of a society. That society consists of the people who work for it, the people and companies that do business with it, the public at large, and the government that regulates and taxes it. These groups are known as a company’s "publics." In order for a company to deal with these publics effectively, a relationship of trust must exist. Employees will not cooperate with or put forth their best efforts for a company that they do not trust or that they feel is taking advantage of them. The public will not buy products or services from a company that, in their view, is not responsible or trustworthy. And the government, as the protector of the society it governs, is especially vigilant in dealing with a company that it regards as not operating in the public interest. Given these circumstances, every business, whether it is a giant corporation or a small factory, a five-star hotel or a roadside tavern, needs to give some thought to the relationship it has with all the various publics it interacts with. The techniques that a company uses to improve these relationships are known as "public relations", also called PR. The goal of public relations is usually to improve the climate or atmosphere in which a company operates. Here are some results a company might expect from a successful public relations campaign: Its products and services are better known. Its relationship with employees has improved. Its public reputation has improved. A successful public relations campaign can get people to do something that will help a company, stop them from doing something that might hurt it, or at least allow the company to proceed with a course of action without criticism. "An organization with good public relations has a favorable image or reputation, perhaps as a result of public relations activities." Says Richard Weiner, a noted and award-winning public relations counselor. In developing and implementing public relations plans, companies often use a simple five-step process: research or fact-finding, planning, action, communication, and evaluation. A classic example of public relations at work is McDonald’s. It has always been important to McDonald’s to be known as a company that values cleanliness. Indeed, founder Ray Kroc emphasized cleanliness along with quality, service, and value as being the four most important things in any McDonald’s operation. For that reason, Kroc instructed the first McDonald’s franchisees to pick up all litter within a two block radius of their stores, whether it was McDonald’s litter or not. The company also did many other things to help protect the environment. In 1990, it announced a program called McRecycle in which McDonald’s committed itself to buy $100 million in recycled materials for use in building and remodeling its restaurants. It is important to understand the role public relations has played in all the company’s decisions. McDonald’s has always been socially responsible and extremely concerned about its image. These two facts are part and parcel of its public relationships. To McDonald’s, public relationships activities go much deeper than simply sending out press releases and having corporate officers serve on various charitable boards. The company understands that real public relations means taking significant action first, then announcing them to the public. Without the first step, the second would be meaningless. Many companies do not understand this basic principle: If you want to make news, you must first do something newsworthy. Exercises Ⅴ. Questions 22-31. Read the article below about Frito-Lay. For each question 22--31, write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet. Just five one-hundredths of an inch thick, light golden in color and with a perfect "saddle curl," the Lay’s potato chip seems an unlikely weapon for global domination. But its maker. Frito-Lay thinks otherwise. "Potato chips are a snack food (22) the world," said Salman Amin, the company’s head of global marketing. Amin believes there is no comer of the world that can resist the charms (23) a Frito-Lay potato chip. Frito-Lay is the biggest snack maker in America, owned (24) PepsiCo. And accounts (25) over half of the parent Company’s ＄3 billion annual profits. But the U.S. snack food market is largely saturated, and to grow, the company has to look overseas. Its strategy rests (26) two beliefs: first a global product offers economies of scale with (27) local brands cannot compete. And second, consumers in the 21 st century are drawn to "global" as a concept. "Global" does not mean products that are consciously identified as American, but ones than consumes-especially young people-see as part of a modem, innovative(创新的)world in which people are linked (28) cultures by shared beliefs and tastes. Potato chips are an American invention, but most Chinese, for (29) , do not know than Frito-Lay is an American company. Instead, Riskey, the company’s research and development head, would hope they associate the brand (30) the new world of global communications and business. With brand perception a crucial factor, Riskey ordered a redesign of the Frito-Lay logo(标识). The logo, along (31) the company’s long-held marketing image of the "irresistibility" of its chips, would help facilitate the company’s global expansion.

As We all know，_______________ (在办公室工作的人常被称为白领工作者)．

某公司预计的年度赊销收入为6000万元，其变动成本率为65%，资金成本率为8%，目前的信用条件为“n/60”，信用成本为500万元。公司准备改变信用政策，改变后的信用条件是“2/10，1/20，n/60”，预计信用政策改变不会影响赊销规模，改变后预计收账费用为70万元，坏账损失率为4%。预计占赊销额70%的客户会利用2%的现金折扣，占赊销额10%的客户利用1%的现金折扣。一年按360天计算。要求计算：改变信用政策后的： ①年折扣成本；②信用成本前收益；③平均收账期；④应收账款平均余额；⑤维持赊销业务所需要的资金；⑥应收账款机会成本；⑦信用成本后收益。