题目内容

下列何药不是黄土汤的组成

A. 干地黄
B. 黄芪
C. 炮附子
D. 阿胶

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案例分析题The Eskimos have developed a capacity to live peacefully with one another. They have not had a strict system of landownership, one of the universal causes of conflict. They have evolved a system of food-sharing among families that makes the preservation of life possible. The absolute necessity of creating this safeguard against starvation has strengthened bonds between neighbors. Almost every traveler has noted the Eskimos" friendliness and good humor toward strangers and among themselves. In a country where agriculture is impossible they have been forced to spend their energies in food- gathering rather than warfare. If one family disagreed with another, the usual solution was for that family to pick up its few possessions and go elsewhere. In the vast unused land, moving presented almost no problem.The practice of infanticide, and suicide among the old people, seems to have been a factor of survival in times of food scarcity. The size of the family was controlled to some extent by the ability of the father as a hunter and by the abundance ofgame(猎物) in the area.Marriage was a very serious and lifelong bond among Eskimos; in order to choose a permanent and compatible mate a number of trial marriages were permitted, each lasting perhaps half a year. During the trial period a couple usually lived with the girl"s parents and the young man hunted exclusively for his future father-in-law. If a child was born as a result of an unsuccessful trial marriage it was adopted by relatives or friends. Children are often given out for adoption in the Eskimos society and are eagerly adopted by other families, for the Eskimos" camp andnomad(游牧民族的) group represent a kind of extended family.Polygamy(一夫多妻制) was occasionally practiced by the most successful hunters, but usually to protect a widow or a girl who had lost her father. The Eskimos live peacefully with one another because of ______.

A. their system of landownership
B. their system of food-sharing
C. the development of agriculture
D. their love for moving

案例分析题For thousands of years, people thought of glass as something beautiful to look at. Only recently have they come to think of it as something to look through. Stores display their goods in large glass windows. Glass bottles and jars that hold food and drink allow us to see the contents. Glass is used to make eyeglasses, microscopes, telescopes, and many other extremely useful and necessary objects.Until the Second World War, most of the glass used for optical instruments was imported from Europe. However, during the war Americans could not get European glass, and they were forced to make their own. As a result, new kinds of glasses were developed that had been previously unknown. These new effects were achieved by mixing other chemical elements with the sand. Some of these new glasses are very strong and can resist many kinds of shocks. Legend has it that a very hard glass was invented by a Roman who showed his discovery to the Emperor. When the Emperor saw the glass he feared that it would become more valuable than gold and silver, making his treasure worthless. Therefore, he had the glassmaker killed, and the secret was not discovered again for hundreds of years.In the present century, safety glass was invented for use in modern cars and planes. Safety glass is made by placing a layer of plastic between two layers of plate glass. When the outside layer of glass is broken, the pieces do not scatter and injure people. Some glass of this type is strong enough to resist bullets.Although in recent years plastics have replaced glass under conditions where glass might be easily broken, there are new uses being developed, for the greatest advantage of glass is that its component parts are inexpensive and can be found all over the world. With the passage of time, glass ______.

A. is regarded as transparent
B. is no longer seen as decoration
C. is used to make things look pleasant
D. is widely used to replace steel in making containers

案例分析题The Lost Art of ListeningA "Why won"t he even listen to my idea Why am I cut off before I provide the whole story" How many times have you been frustrated by someone not listening to what you have to say How many times have you frustrated others by not listening to them We tend to think that listening is the same as hearing; but listening is the art of being alert to the problems of the person you are with. Problems caused by not listening can be serious, not only at work, but also with family and friends. Many times we jump in to say what"s on our minds before we"ve even acknowledged what the other person has said, short circuiting the possibility of mutual understanding. Speaking without listening, hearing without understanding. In fact we"re often baffled and dismayed by the feeling of being left sitting around in the dark.B Effective managers areproactive(主动的) listeners. They don"t wait for members of their staff to come to them; they make an active effort to find out what people think and feel by asking them. The manager who meets frequently with staff members keeps informed and, even more importantly, communicates interest in the people themselves. An open-door policy allows access, but it doesn"t substitute for an active campaign of reaching out and hstening to people. The manager who doesn"t ask questions communicates that he or she doesn"t care. And if he or she doesn"t listen, the message is "I"m not there for you." Even if a manager decides not to follow a subordinate"s suggestion, listening with sincere interest conveys respect and makes the employee feel appreciated.C Communicating by memo or e-mail—however witty or informal—is not substitute for personal contact, because it closes off the chance to listen. Simply going through the motions of meeting with people doesn"t work either. The fake listener doesn"t fool anyone. Poor eye contact, shuffling feet, busy hands, and meaningless replies, like "That"s interesting" and "Is that right" give them away. The insincere listener"s lack of interest in the conversation betrays a larger problem: lack of interest in the person with whom the listener is communicating.D Most people don"t listen with the intent to understand; they listen with the intent to reply. Even at work, where performance takes priority over relationships, listening carefully to understand the other person"s point of view—before you even think about replying—is the key to productive communication. Effective managers develop a routine in which communication time is an integral part of the job. They meet with their staff and ask questions. They don"t react before gathering all the facts. If they don"t know what their people are thinking and feeling, they ask—and" they listen.E When we don"t feel heard by our" superiors, few of us give up right away. We write memos, we ask to meet with them, we try to communicate our needs and convey our points of view. Then we give up. Frequently, we complain to our coworkers and our family and friends. Venting feelings of frustration with third parties rather than addressing conflicts at their source can take on epidemic proportions in work settings. Sometimes it takes the form of gossip, running down someone who"s not present.F But, some of you might be thinking, my boss really is insensitive. I"ve tried to talk to him, and he just doesn"t listen. The mistake people make in trying to get through to unreceptive superiors is the same mistake most of us make in dealing with the difficult people in our lives: we try to change them. And when that doesn"t work, we give up. Instead, start by examining your own expectations. What do you want and how are you programmed to go about getting it Are you expecting to have your personal needs met at work Do you work hard and wait patiently for the boss to tell you that you"re doing a great job, like a good little boy or girlG Listening is important at work because it enables people to understand each other, get along and get the job done. But don"t get too personal. Don"t let your compassion allow someone to talk about their personal problems, which is interfering with work. This may be happening if you"re the only person he talks to. A good supervisor keeps channels of communication open—and keeps them focused on the task at hand--by asking for frequent feedback about how things are going (on the job). "What do you like and dislike so far about working here Is there anything you think we should change to make things smoother"H Remember that it can be intimidating for subordinates to give criticism or make suggestions. If you want them to feel safe enough to open up, reassure them that you appreciate their ideas. "I"m glad you spoke up." "Thanks for letting me know." "I didn"t realize... I"m glad you told me." Listening to the people we work with isn"t the same as becoming friends with them. Many people worry that if we allow ourselves to get personal at the workplace, things might get sticky. But those who think that effective teamwork isn"t about listening (it"s about getting things done) are wrong. Without being heard we are diminished, as workers and as people.I Keep in mind the difference betweendissent(异议) anddefiance(挑衅). Defiance means attacking the other person"s position and making him wrong. Dissent means having the courage to stand up for what you think and feel. It"s the difference between saying "You"re wrong" and "This is how I feel." Clearly, a dissenting message is much easier to hear than a defiant one. The listener is more willing and interested in hearing a dissenter"s objection. Someone who hears a defiant objection will tend to either ignore the comment or be rudely counter-defiant. This is a common problem that tends to increase barriers between people, something you don"t want in a work environment where teamwork is necessary. Careful listening is difficult and takes practice to improve. Try harder to understand the other person"s perspective. Different from hearing, listening is the art of being alert to the problems of those you are with.()

血府逐瘀汤的组成除“桃红四物汤”外,其余的几味药是

A. 官桂、干姜、蒲黄、五灵脂
B. 乌药、香附、枳壳、延胡索
C. 柴胡、桔梗、枳壳、牛膝
D. 香附、牛膝、没药、五灵脂

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