下列关于网络管理标准的叙述,错误的是( )。
A. 目前使用的标准网络管理协议包括:简单网络管理协议(SNM、公共管理信息服务/协议 (CMIS/CMI、局域网个人管理协议(LMM等
B. SNMP位于ISO/OSI参考模型的应用层,它遵循ISO的网络管理模型,采用轮询监控的方式
CMIS/CMIP是ISO定义的网络管理协议,采用轮询监控的监控方式
D. IEEE 802.1b局域网个人管理协议(LAN Man Management Protocol, LMM试图为LAN环境提供一个网络管理方案
Not content with its doubtful claim to produce cheap food for our own population , the factory fanning industry also argues that "hungry nations are benefiting from advances made by the poultry (家禽) industry". In fact, rather than helping the fight against malnutrition (营养不良) in "hungry nations’, the spread of factory fanning has, inevitably aggravated the problem.Large-scale intensive meat and poultry production is a waste of food resources. This is because more protein has to be fed to animals in the form of vegetable matter than can ever be recovered in the form of meat. Much of the food value is lost in the animal’s process of digestion and cell replacement. Neither, in the case of chicken, can one eat feathers, blood, feet or head. In all, only about 44% of the live animal fits to be eaten as meat.This means one has to feed approximately 9 - 10 times as much food value to the animal than one can consume from the carcass. As a system for feeding the hungry, the effects can prove disastrous. At times of crisis, grain is the food of life .Nevertheless, the huge increase in poultry production throughout Asia and Africa continues. Normally British or US firms are involved. For instance, an American based multinational company hag this year announced its involvement in projects in several African countries. Britain’s largest suppliers of chickens, Ross Breeders, are also involved in projects all over the world.Because such trade is good for exports, Western governments encourge it. In 1979, a firm in Bangladesh called Phoenix Poultry received a grant to set up a unit of 6,000 chickens and 18,000 laying hens. This almost doubled the number of poultry kept in the country all at once.But Bangladesh lacks capital, energy and food and has large numbers of unemployed. Such chicken-raising demands capital for building and machinery, extensive use of energy resources for automation, and involves feeding chickens with potential famine-relief protein food. At present, one of Bangladesh’s main imports is food grains, be- cause the country is unable to grow enough food to feed its population. On what then can they possibly feed the chicken In this passage the author argues that ()
A. efficiency must be raised in the poultry industry
B. raising poultry can provide more protein than growing grain
C. factory farming will do more harm than good to developing countries
D. hungry nations may benefit from the development of the poultry industry
We all have offensive breath at one time or another. In most cases, offensive breath emanates from bacteria in the mouth, although there are other, more surprising causes.Until a few years ago, the most doctors could do was to counsel patients with bad breath about oral cleanliness. Now they are finding new ways to treat the usually curable condition.Bad breath can happen whenever the normal flow of saliva (唾液) slows. Our mouths are full of bacteria feeding on protein in bits of food and shed tissue. The bacteria emit evil-smelling gases, the worst of which is hydrogen sulfide (硫化物).Mouth bacteria thrive in airless conditions. Oxygen-rich saliva keeps their numbers down. When we sleep, for example, the saliva stream slows, and sulfur-producing bacteria gain the upper hand, producing classic" morning breath".Alcohol, hunger, too much talking, breathing through the mouth during exercise -- anything that dries the mouth produces bad breath. So can stress, though it’s not understood why. Some people’s breath turns sour every time they go on a job interview.Saliva flow gradually slows with age, which explains why the elderly have more bad-breath trouble than younger people do. Babies, however, who make plenty of saliva and whose mouths contain relatively few bacteria have characteristically sweet breath.For most of us, the simple, dry-mouth variety of bad breath is easily cured. Eating or drinking starts saliva and sweeps away many of the bacteria. Breakfast often stops morning breath.Those with chronic dry mouth find that it helps to keep gum, hard candy, or a bottle of water or juice around. Brushing the teeth wipes out dry-mouth bad breath because it clears away many of the offending bacteria.Surprisingly, one thing that rarely works is mouthwash. The liquid can mask bad-breath odor with its own smell, but the effect lasts no more than an hour. Some mouthwashes claim to kill the bacteria responsible for bad breath. The trouble is, they don’t necessarily reach all offending germs. Most bacteria are well protected from mouthwash under thick layers of mucus (粘液). If the mouthwash contains alcohol -- as most do -- it can intensify the problem by drying out the mouth. According to the passage, alcohol has something to do with bad breath mainly because ()
A. it keeps offending bacteria from reproducing
B. its smell adds to bad dreath.
C. it kills some helpful bacteria
D. it affects the normal flow of saliva
下列关于红皮书安全准则的叙述,错误的是( )。
A. 红皮书安全准则定义了4个级别:A、B、C、D
B. A1级是最高安全级,表明系统提供了最全面的安全,又称为验证设计(Verified Desig
C. B3级又称安全域(Security Domai,要求用户工作站或终端通过可信任途径连接到网络系统
D. C2级又称选择性安全保护(Discretionary Security Protectio系统,它描述了一种典型的用在UNIX 系统上的安全级别