题目内容

我国南北方的自然景观和人文景观之间由于各种原因会产生许多的差异，其中在住房的建筑构造上形成了比较有趣的“南尖北平”现象，即住房屋顶的坡度由南往北逐渐减缓，产生这种现象的原因是( )。

A. 南方的年降水量大，气候炎热，高而尖的屋顶既利于排水，又利于通风散热；而北方降水少，建成平顶，既可以节省建筑材料并保温保暖，还可兼作晾晒作物的场所
B. 我国北方土壤有利于建筑材料的烧制，因此砖瓦结构是民居的主要特点，而这种建筑材料适合建成平顶或坡度不大的房屋；南方土壤酸性物质居多，不宜作为建筑材料，故竹木材料较盛，而竹木材料适合造成尖顶房屋
C. 北方的风沙比较大，平顶房屋可以有效减少房屋与风沙的摩擦系数，延长房屋寿命；南方则日照比较频繁，房屋材料又多取自竹、木、草，尖顶房屋可以有效分散受热面积，减少因光能积聚引起自燃的几率
D. 北方历史上受北方少数民族统治的时期比较长，而北方少数民族多居住于帐篷之中，平顶房屋实际上是“穹顶毡帐”的延续；南方人则多由汉人南迁，在与当地民族融合过程中，保留了自己的坡型房屋并吸收了当地少数民族“尖顶竹楼”式的建筑风格，所以房顶比较尖

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