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法国A公司是国际知名的电气跨国公司,十年前通过设立中国分公司进入中国市场。针对中国成为世界加工厂和世界经济的有力推动者之一的趋势不断加强,针对中国经济市场化趋势不断加强,A公司开始着手研究在中国的发展战略。经过十年充分的战略情报研究和战略保障准备,从2005年开始在中国实施并购战略。中国并购战略是A公司发展的一个战略阶段,过去十年间,该公司不断尝试进入中国、探索在中国的兼并方式、培育中国企业运行机制和人才、调整全球战略部署。实现了35%的增长速度,并取得了中国市场上的一定主动权。作为一个国际知名的大型跨国公司,A公司在全球范围的战略安排是法国总公司控制品牌和专利权,而中国主要负责生产,北美及欧洲负责销售。这一点与许多跨国公司的中国并购战略相同。A公司的不同之处在于它的战略思路和策略。A公司在中国的并购思路为由西到东,创造中国最好生产企业,并形成一定垄断地位。鉴于中国政府提出了发展西部的战略,并出台了一系列的西部大开发政策,给予西部地区极大的市场优惠政策和非市场优惠政策,A公司在享受到各种优惠的同时,赢得了好的名声,为以后的并购创造了良好的信誉氛围。并购活动中,除了品牌和专利权外,该公司的策略非常灵活,先答应并购对象提出的各种条件,然后再做部分方案调整,使中方企业容易同意并购。并购山西B集团是A公司的第一步,随后并购东部两省的C和D。以中国西部为中心向外辐射,实现从西部到东部扩张。A公司并购战略的目标是成为中国第一大生产企业,在并购过程中,它并没有确定的投资额,也没有确定的并购企业数目,而是使它的筹资、投入及投资方法都服从于这个战略目标。并购战略的目的是达到一定的垄断。我们可以看到A公司的垄断目的和成为中国第一生产企业目标之间的逻辑关系:战略目标服从于战略目的。在外部条件发生变化时可以改变战略目标,用新的目标代替原来目标,但仍服从于战略目的。按照战略目的,不断推进并购活动。只要战略目的未实现,并购活动就不会停。此外,为了保障并购成功,A公司先在知识产权保护方面进行充分准备。对于拒绝并购或者合作不顺利的,都会施以知识产权保护打压。在与另一家低压电器巨头E集团谈判不成,而E与美国通用电气交往渐近时,A公司就对E和通用电气都施以阻击。至此,我们可以看到A公司的并购不是一时的经营性的,而是战略性的;不是单纯提高竞争力,而是从自身生命发展周期来考虑。同时,要想获得成功的并购,在实施战略并购之前,进行战略情报分析研究,而不限于市场信息分析,进行了战略预见,而不是供求预测。在并购之后进行妥当的管理也是必不可少的。要求:(1)A公司的战略发展类型是什么,以及采用这种战略的原因。(2)简述企业使命和战略目标的含义以及二者的关系,并回答在此次战略并购中,A公司如何处理使命(目的)和目标的关系。(3)结合所学知识和案例,回答战略管理的流程。(4)简述A公司能够成功实施这种战略需要把握的关键要素有哪些。(5)简述A公司采取该战略可能面临风险应如何控制。

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硬件时钟分为______和______。

用于生产过程控制的系统一般都是______系统,它要求具有对输入数据及时做出反应(响应)的能力。

Assuming that a constant travel-time budget, geographic constraints and short-term infrastructure constraints persist as fundamental features of global mobility, what long-term results can one expect In high-income regions, (41) North America, our picture suggests that the share of traffic (42) supplied by buses and automobiles will decline as high-speed transport rises sharply. In developing countries, we (43) the strongest increase to be in the shares first for buses and later for automobiles. Globally, these (44) in bus and automobile transport are partially offsetting. In all regions, the share of lowspeed mil transport will probably continue its strongly (45) decline. We expect that throughout the period 1990~2050, the (46) North American will continue to devote most of his or her 1.1-hour travel-time (47) to automobile travel. The very large demand (48) air travel (or high-speed mil travel) that will be manifest in 2050 (49) to only 12 minutes per person a day; a little time goes a long way in the air. In several developing regions, most travel (50) in 2050 will still be devoted to nonmotorized modes. Buses will persist (51) the primary form of motorized transportation in developing countries for decades. (52) important air travel becomes, buses, automobiles and (53) lowspeed trains will surely go on serving vital functions. (54) of the super-rich already commute and shop in aircraft, but average people will continue to spend most of their travel time on the (55) .

A. mountain
B. ground
C. sky
D. land

Assuming that a constant travel-time budget, geographic constraints and short-term infrastructure constraints persist as fundamental features of global mobility, what long-term results can one expect In high-income regions, (41) North America, our picture suggests that the share of traffic (42) supplied by buses and automobiles will decline as high-speed transport rises sharply. In developing countries, we (43) the strongest increase to be in the shares first for buses and later for automobiles. Globally, these (44) in bus and automobile transport are partially offsetting. In all regions, the share of lowspeed mil transport will probably continue its strongly (45) decline. We expect that throughout the period 1990~2050, the (46) North American will continue to devote most of his or her 1.1-hour travel-time (47) to automobile travel. The very large demand (48) air travel (or high-speed mil travel) that will be manifest in 2050 (49) to only 12 minutes per person a day; a little time goes a long way in the air. In several developing regions, most travel (50) in 2050 will still be devoted to nonmotorized modes. Buses will persist (51) the primary form of motorized transportation in developing countries for decades. (52) important air travel becomes, buses, automobiles and (53) lowspeed trains will surely go on serving vital functions. (54) of the super-rich already commute and shop in aircraft, but average people will continue to spend most of their travel time on the (55) .

A. time
B. desire
C. agency
D. means

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