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Petroleum is a very important mineral. It gives us heat and light. It also gives us power for our cars, planes, and ships. It gives us power for machines of all kinds.How was petroleum created Scientists believe petroleum was formed from the remains of plants and animals. These plants and animals lived and died millions of years ago. Remains are what is left after a plant or animal has died.What exactly is petroleum Petroleum is a mineral that is a mixture of hydrocarbons. It is an oily liquid which may be brown, green, or black in colour. The word "petroleum" comes form Latin and Greek. It means "rock oil".Crude oil is petroleum that comes directly from deep in the ground. It is then taken to a refinery. A refinery is a kind of factory with equipment in it to refine oil. At a refinery the crude oil is purified and separated into its various parts. From the refined petroleum we obtain important products, such as gasoline, kerosene, fertilisers, detergents, plastics, drugs, and perfumes. These are just a few of the thousands of useful products we get from this valuable mineral-petroleum. At a refinery the crude oil is () into its various parts.
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The Capital of Northern Ireland is
Section Ⅰ Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Even the Saudis--or rather, the small number of men who actually rule their troubled country--are giving ground in the struggle for women’ s rights. For sure, the recommendations (1) this week to Crown Prince Abdullah at the end of an (2) round of "national dialogue" concentrating on the role of women were fairly tame. In the reformers-versus-reactionaries (3) test of whether women should be allowed to drive cars ( at present they cannot do so in the kingdom, nor can they travel unaccompanied, by whatever (4) of motion) , the king was merely asked to" (5) a body to study a public transport system for women to facilitate mobility". (6) mention, of course, of the right to vote--but then that has been (7) to men too, though local elections, on an apparently universal franchise, are supposed to be held in October. In sum, it is a tortoise’ s progress. But the very fact of the debate happening at all is (8) --and hopeful. It is not just in Saudi Arabia that more rights for women are being demanded (9) across the whole of the Arab and Muslim world. The pushy Americans have made women’ s rights part of their appeal for greater democracy in (10) they now officially call the "broader Middle East" , to include non-Arab Muslim countries such as Iran, Turkey and even Afghanistan. Many Arabs have cautioned the Americans against seeking to (11) their own values on societies with such different traditions and (12) Many leading Muslims have (13) the culturally imperious Americans of seeking to (14) Is lam. The (15) for more democracy in the Muslim world issued by leaders of the eight biggest industrial countries was watered down for fear of giving (16) Yet, despite the Arabs’ prickliness, the Americans have helped pep up a debate that is now bubbling fiercely in the Arab world, even (17) many Arab leaders, none of whom is directly elected by the people, are understandably (18) of reforms that could lead to their own toppling. Never before have women’ s rights in the Arab world been so (19) debated. That (20) is cause to rejoice. Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.14（）
All mammals, except man and the monkey, swim naturally from birth. For man, like the monkey, it is not instinctive to float. Deaths by drowning are common everywhere. In the United States alone, about 7,000 children under four drown each year.Everything possible is done to prevent such tragedies. One solution is particularly effective teaching children to swim while they are still babies. Most large towns in Florida and California already run lessons for babies and infants. The idea has spread to Europe where, in several countries, special courses are now arranged for children from seven to twenty-four months.The first step is to eradicate the child’ s fear of the water. Next, he is taught to float. Once he can do this naturally and without fear, the teacher can move on the breathing, and arm and leg movements. Before long, the child grasps the technique and can propel himself through the water. Except whom of all mammals do they swim naturally from birth
Section Ⅰ Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Even the Saudis--or rather, the small number of men who actually rule their troubled country--are giving ground in the struggle for women’ s rights. For sure, the recommendations (1) this week to Crown Prince Abdullah at the end of an (2) round of "national dialogue" concentrating on the role of women were fairly tame. In the reformers-versus-reactionaries (3) test of whether women should be allowed to drive cars ( at present they cannot do so in the kingdom, nor can they travel unaccompanied, by whatever (4) of motion) , the king was merely asked to" (5) a body to study a public transport system for women to facilitate mobility". (6) mention, of course, of the right to vote--but then that has been (7) to men too, though local elections, on an apparently universal franchise, are supposed to be held in October. In sum, it is a tortoise’ s progress. But the very fact of the debate happening at all is (8) --and hopeful. It is not just in Saudi Arabia that more rights for women are being demanded (9) across the whole of the Arab and Muslim world. The pushy Americans have made women’ s rights part of their appeal for greater democracy in (10) they now officially call the "broader Middle East" , to include non-Arab Muslim countries such as Iran, Turkey and even Afghanistan. Many Arabs have cautioned the Americans against seeking to (11) their own values on societies with such different traditions and (12) Many leading Muslims have (13) the culturally imperious Americans of seeking to (14) Is lam. The (15) for more democracy in the Muslim world issued by leaders of the eight biggest industrial countries was watered down for fear of giving (16) Yet, despite the Arabs’ prickliness, the Americans have helped pep up a debate that is now bubbling fiercely in the Arab world, even (17) many Arab leaders, none of whom is directly elected by the people, are understandably (18) of reforms that could lead to their own toppling. Never before have women’ s rights in the Arab world been so (19) debated. That (20) is cause to rejoice. Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.19（）
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