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Passage Three Similar to a non-financial business, a commercial bank obtains funds from creditors and shareholders; uses funds for its raw materials labor, and recovers funds, hopefully in excess of the amount. The raw materials purchased are funds instead of steel, clothing, or groceries. As in non-financial business a band management’s basic objective should be to maximize the value of the owner’s investment in the bank. Useful information on the appropriate tradeoffs between made and risks taken is obtained from relatively efficient markets for most publicly held banks. The management of smaller banks seeks to achieve the highest returns for the risk level deemed appropriate by the shareholders. Relatively efficient market can usually provide information on the credit worthiness of a commercial bank.
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Passage Three
Directions: In this section, you will hear three short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. The passages and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage One
At the beginning of A Rose for Emily, Faulkner uses a figurative language to describe the place where Emily lives. The house is a perfect mirror image of the owner who is supposed to be ______ and deliberately detaches herself from the communal life in this small town.
Passage 2 Liabilities are obligations a company owes to outside parties. They represent rights of others to money or services of the company. Examples include bank loans, debts to suppliers and debts to employees. On the balance sheet, liabilities are generally broken down into current liabilities and long-term liabilities. Current liabilities are those obligations that are usually paid within the year, such as accounts payable, interest on long-term debts, taxes payable, and dividends payable. Because current liabilities are usually paid with current assets, as an investor it is important to examine the degree to which current assets exceed current liabilities. The most pervasive item in the current liability section of the balance sheet is accounts payable. Accounts payable are debts owed to suppliers for the purchase of goods and services on an open account. Almost all firms buy some or all of their goods on account. Therefore, you will often see accounts payable on most balance sheets. Long-term debt is a liability of a period greater than one year. It usually refers to loans a company takes out. These debts are often paid in installments. If this is the case, the portion to be paid off in the current year is considered a current liability. That wraps up our short review of liabilities. You only have one piece of the balance sheet left to learn shareholders’ equity. Remember that assets minus liabilities equals shareholders’ equity. Shareholders’ equity is the value of a business to its owners after all of its obligations have been met. This net worth belongs to the owners. Shareholders’ equity generally reflects the amount of capital the owners invested plus any profits that the company generates that are subsequently reinvested in the company. This reinvested income is called retained earnings. Current liabilities may include the following items ______.
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