题目内容

Europa’s Watery under World Europa, one of Jupiter’s 63 known moons, looks bright and icy on the surface. But appearances can be deceiving: Miles within its cracked, frigid shell, Europa probably hides giant pools of liquid water. Where scientists find liquid water, they hope to find life as well. Since we can’t go diving into Europa’s depths just yet, scientists instead have to investigate the moon’s surface for clues to what lies beneath. In a new study, scientists investigated one group of strange ice patterns on Europa and concluded that the formations mark the top of an underground pool that holds as much water as the U. S. Great Lakes. Pictures of Europa, which is slightly smaller than Earth’s moon, clearly show a tangled, icy mishmash of lines and cracks known as "chaos terrains." These chaotic places cover more than half of Europa. For more than 10 years, scientists have wondered what causes the formations. The new study suggests that they arise from the mixing of vast underground stores of liquid water with icy material near the surface. For scientists who suspect that Europa also may be hiding life beneath its icy surface, the news about the new lake is exciting. "It would be great if these lakes harbored life, " Britney Schmidt, a planetary scientist who worked on the study, told Science News. "But even if they didn’t, they say that Europa is doing something interesting and active right now. " Schmidt, a scientist at the University of Texas at Austin, and her colleagues wanted to know how chaos terrains form. Since they couldn’t rocket to Europa to see for themselves, they searched for similar formations here on Earth. They studied collapsed ice shelves in Antarctica and icy caps on volcanoes in Iceland. Those features on Earth formed when liquid water mixed with ice. The scientists now suspect something similar might be happening on Europa: that as water and ice of different temperatures mingle and shift, the surface fractures. This would explain the jumbled ice sculptures. "Fracturing catastrophically disrupts the ice in the same way that it causes ice shelves to collapse on Earth, " Schmidt told Science News. She and her team found that the process could be causing chaos terrains to form quickly on Europa. The new study suggests that on this moon, elements such as oxygen from the surface blend with the deep bodies of water. That mixture may create an environment that supports life. The formations on Europa’s surface are rather unique in the universe.

A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned

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抬起头来做人 ①那一年，那个小男孩不过八九岁。一天，他拿着一张筹款卡回家，很认真地对妈妈说：“学校要筹款，每个学生都要叫人捐钱。” ②对小孩子来说，直接想到的“人”，就是自己的家长。 ③小男孩的妈妈取出5块钱，交给他，然后在筹款卡上签名。小男孩静静地看着妈妈签名，想说什么，却没开口。妈妈注意到了，问他：“怎么啦” ④小男孩低着头说：“昨天，同学们把筹款卡交给老师时，捐的都是100块、50块。” ⑤小男孩就读的是当地著名的“贵族学校”，校门外，每天都有小轿车等候放学的学生。小男孩的班级是排在全年级最前面的。班上的同学，不是家里捐献较多，就是成绩较好。当然，小男孩不属于前者。 ⑥那一天，小男孩说，不是想和同学比多，也不是自卑。他一向都认真对待老师交代的功课，这一次，也想把自己的“功课”做好。况且，学校还举行班级筹款比赛，他的班已领先了，他不想拖累整班。 ⑦妈妈把小男孩的头托起来说：“不要低头，要知道，你同学的家庭背景，非富则贵。我们必须量力而为，我们所捐的5块钱，其实比他们的500块钱还要多。你是学生，只要以自己的品学，尽力为校争光，就是对学校最好的贡献了。” ⑧第二天，小男孩抬起头，从座位走出去，把筹款卡交给老师。当老师在班上宣读每位同学的筹款成绩时，小男孩还是抬起头来。自此以后，小男孩在达官贵人、富贾豪绅的面前，一直抬起头来做人。 ⑨妈妈说的那一番话，深深地刻在小男孩心里。那是生平第一次，他面临由金钱来估量人的“成绩”的无言教育。非常幸运，就在这第一次，他学习到“捐”的意义，以及别人所不能“捐”到的、自己独一无二的价值。阅读第⑧段，回答下面的问题。 (1)简要说说画线句“自此以后，小男孩在达官贵人、富贾豪绅的面前，一直抬起头来做人”的深刻含义。 (2)简要说说加点的两处“抬起头来”有何相同之处，有何不同之处

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大鼠蒲松龄万历①间，宫中有鼠，大与猫等，为害甚剧。遍求民间佳猫捕制之，辄被啖食。适异国来贡狮猫，毛白如雪。抱投鼠屋，阖②其扉，潜窥之。猫蹲良久，鼠逡巡③自穴中出，见猫，怒奔之。猫避登几上，鼠亦登，猫则跃下。如此往复，不啻百次。众咸谓猫怯，以为是无能为者。既而鼠跳踯④渐迟，硕腹似喘，蹲地上少休。猫即疾下，爪掬⑤项毛，口龁⑥首领，辗转争持，猫声呜呜，鼠声啾啾⑦。启扉急视，则鼠首已嚼碎矣。然后知猫之避，非怯也，待其惰也。彼出则归，彼归则复，用此智耳。噫!匹夫按剑，何异鼠乎! [注] ①万历：明神宗朱翊钧的年号。②阎：关闭，合拢。③逡巡：这里指来回地走动。④跳踯：指跳上跳下。⑤掬：双手捧取。这里指用双爪抓住。⑥龅：咬。⑦啾啾：形容声音杂沓。将下列句子翻译成现代汉语。 (1)众成谓猫怯，以为是无能为者。 (2)然后知猫之避，非怯也，待其惰也。

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