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For each blank, choose the best answer from the four choices and write down on the answer sheet. (21) is a six bytes OSI layer 2 address which is burned into every networking device that provides its unique identity for point to point communication. (22) is a professional organization of individuals in multiple professions which focuses on effort on lower-layer protocols. (23) functions with two layers of protocols. It can connect networks of different speeds and can be adapted to an environment as it expands. (24) is the popular LAN developed under the direction of the IEEE802.5. (25) is the popular backbone technology for transmitting information at high speed with a high level of fault tolerance which is developed under the direction of ANSI.
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For each blank, choose the best answer from the four choices and write down on the answer sheet. (11) is a protocol that a host uses to inform a router when it joins Or leaves an Internet multicast group. (12) is an error detection code that most data communication networks use. (13) is an interior gateway protocol that uses a distance vector algorithm to propagate routing information. (14) is a transfer mode in which all types of information are organized into fixed form cells on an asynchronous or non-periodic basis over a range of media. (15) is an identifier of a web page.
In the following essay, each blank has four choices. Choose the most suitable one from the four choices and write down in the answer sheet. A socket is basically an end point of a communication link between two applications. Sockets that extend over a network connect two or more applications running on (31) computers attached to the net-work. A socket (32) two addresses: (33) . Sockets provide a (34) communication channel between one or more systems. There are (35) sockets separately using TCP and UDP.
Networks can be interconnected by different devices in the physical layer networks can be connected by (1) or hubs. Which just move the bits from one network to an identical network. One layer up we find bridges and switches which operate at data link layer. They can accept (2) examine the MAC address and forward the frames to a different network while doing minor protocol translation in the process in me network layer, we have routers that can connect two networks, If two networks have (3) network layer, the router may be able to translate between the packer formats. In the transport layer we find transport gateway, which can interface between two transport connections Finally, in the application layer, application gateways translate message (4) . As an example, gateways between Internet e-mail and X.400 e-mail must (5) the e-mail message and change various header fields.
In the following essay, each blank has four choices. Choose the most suitable one from the four choices and write down in the answer sheet. Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a (36) routing algorithm that (37) work clone on the OSI IS-IS intradomain routing protocol. This routing, as compared to distance-vector routing, requires (38) processing power. The (39) algorithm is used to calculate routes. OSPF routing table updates only take place when necessary, (40) at regular intervals.
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