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A Gay BiologistMolecular biologist Dean Hamer has blue eyes, light brown hair and a good sense of humor. He smokes cigarettes, spends long hours in an old laboratory at the US National Institute of Health, and in his free time climbs up cliffs and points his skis down steep slopes. He also happens to be openly, matter-of-factly gay. What is it that makes Hamer who he is What, for that matter, accounts for the talents and traits that make up anyone’s personality Hamer is not content merely to ask such questions: he is trying to answer them as well. A pioneer in the field of molecular psychology, Hamer is exploring the role of genes in governing the very core of our individuality. To a remarkable extent, his work on what might be called the gay, thrill-seeking and quit-smoking genes reflects how own genetic predispositions. That work, which has appeared mostly in scientific journals, has been gathered into an accessible and quite readable form in Hamer’s creative new book, Living with Our Genes. "You have about as much choice in some aspect of your personality," Hamer and co-author Peter Copeland write in the introductory chapter, "as you do in the shape of your nose or the size of your feet". Until recently, research into behavioral genetics was dominated by psychiatrists and psychologists, who based their most compelling conclusions about the importance of genes on studies of identical twins. For example, psychologist Michael Bailey of Northwestern University famously demonstrated that if one identical twin is gay, there is about a 50% likelihood that the other will be too. Seven years ago, Hamer picked up where the twin studies left off, homing in on specific strips of DNA that appear to influence everything from mood to sexual orientation. Hamer switched to behavioral genetics from basic research, after receiving his doctorate from Harvard, he spent more than a decade studying the biochemistry of a protein that cells use to metabolize heavy metals like copper and zinc. As he was about to turn 40, however, Hamer suddenly realized he had learned as much about the protein as he cared to. "Frankly, I was bored," he remembers, "and ready for something new." Homosexual behavior, in particular, seemed ripe for exploration because few scientists had dared tackle such an emotionally and politically charged subject. "I’m a gay," Hamer says with a shrug, "but that was not a major motivation. It was more of a question of intellectual curiosity—and the fact that no one else was doing this sort of research." What is Hamer doing now
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Happy Marriage, Happy Heart Happily married people have lower blood pressure 1 unhappily married people or singles, a Brigham Young University study says. On the other hand, even having a supportive social network did not translate into a blood pressure benefit for singles or unhappily 2 people, according to the study. "There seem to be some unique health benefits from marriage. It’s not just being married 3 benefits health—what’s really the most protective of health is having a happy 4 ." study author Julianne Holt-Lunstad, a psychologist who specializes in relationships and health, said in a prepared statement. The study included 204 married and 99 5 adults who wore portable blood-pressure monitors for 24 hours. The 6 recorded blood pressure at random intervals and provided a total of about 72 readings. "We wanted to capture participants’ blood pressure doing whatever they normally 7 in everyday life. Getting one or two readings in a clinic is not really 8 of the fluctuations that occur throughout the day," Holt-Lunstad said. Overall, happily married people scored four points 9 on the blood pressure readings than single adults. The study also found that blood 10 among married people—especially those in happy marriages 11 more during sleep than in single people. "Research has shown that people whose blood pressure remains high throughout the night are at 12 greater risk of heart disease than people whose blood pressure drops," Holt-Lunstad said. The study was published in the March 20 13 of the journal Annals of Behavioral Medicine. The study also found that unhappily married adults have higher blood pressure than 14 happily married and single adults. Holt-Lunstad noted that married couples can encourage healthy habits in one 15 such as eating a healthy diet and having regular doctor visits. People in happy marriages also have a source of emotional support, she said.
Looking to the Future When a magazine for high-school students asked its readers what life would be like in twenty years, they said. Machines would be run by solar power. Buildings would rotate so they could follow the sun to take maximum advantage of its light and heat. Walls would "radiate light" and "change color with the push of a button." Food would be replaced by pills. 1 Cars would have radar. Does this sound like the year 2020 2 The future is much too important to simply guess about the way the high school students did, so experts are regularly asked to predict accurately. 3 But can they One expert on cities wrote= cities of the future would not be crowded, but would have space for farms and fields. People would travel to work in "airbuses", large all-weather helicopters carrying up to 200 passengers. When a person left the airbus station he could drive a coin-operated car equipped with radar. The radar equipment of cars would make traffic accidents "almost unheard of". Does that sound familiar If the expert had been accurate it would, because he was writing in 1957. His subject was "The city of 1982". If the professionals sometimes sound like high-school students, it’s probably because future study is still a new field. But economic forecasting, or predicting what the economy will do, has been around for a long time. It should be accurate, and generally it is. But there have been some big mistakes in this field, too. 4 In October of that year, the stock market had its worst losses ever, ruining thousands of investors who had put their faith in financial foreseers. 5 In 1957, H.J. Rand of the Rad Corporation was asked about the year 2000. "Only one thing is certain, " he answered. "Children will have reached the age of 43. " A. By carefully studying the present, skilled businessmen scientists and politicians are supposedly able to figure out in advance what will happen. B. School would be taught "by electrical impulse while we sleep". C. One forecaster knew that predictions about the future would always be subject to significant errors. D. In early 1929, most forecasters saw an excellent future for the stock market. E. Everyone may look to the future for it is always promising. F. Actually, the article was written in 1958 and the question was, "What will life be like in 19787"
Happy Marriage, Happy Heart Happily married people have lower blood pressure 1 unhappily married people or singles, a Brigham Young University study says. On the other hand, even having a supportive social network did not translate into a blood pressure benefit for singles or unhappily 2 people, according to the study. "There seem to be some unique health benefits from marriage. It’s not just being married 3 benefits health—what’s really the most protective of health is having a happy 4 ." study author Julianne Holt-Lunstad, a psychologist who specializes in relationships and health, said in a prepared statement. The study included 204 married and 99 5 adults who wore portable blood-pressure monitors for 24 hours. The 6 recorded blood pressure at random intervals and provided a total of about 72 readings. "We wanted to capture participants’ blood pressure doing whatever they normally 7 in everyday life. Getting one or two readings in a clinic is not really 8 of the fluctuations that occur throughout the day," Holt-Lunstad said. Overall, happily married people scored four points 9 on the blood pressure readings than single adults. The study also found that blood 10 among married people—especially those in happy marriages 11 more during sleep than in single people. "Research has shown that people whose blood pressure remains high throughout the night are at 12 greater risk of heart disease than people whose blood pressure drops," Holt-Lunstad said. The study was published in the March 20 13 of the journal Annals of Behavioral Medicine. The study also found that unhappily married adults have higher blood pressure than 14 happily married and single adults. Holt-Lunstad noted that married couples can encourage healthy habits in one 15 such as eating a healthy diet and having regular doctor visits. People in happy marriages also have a source of emotional support, she said.
Happy Marriage, Happy Heart Happily married people have lower blood pressure 1 unhappily married people or singles, a Brigham Young University study says. On the other hand, even having a supportive social network did not translate into a blood pressure benefit for singles or unhappily 2 people, according to the study. "There seem to be some unique health benefits from marriage. It’s not just being married 3 benefits health—what’s really the most protective of health is having a happy 4 ." study author Julianne Holt-Lunstad, a psychologist who specializes in relationships and health, said in a prepared statement. The study included 204 married and 99 5 adults who wore portable blood-pressure monitors for 24 hours. The 6 recorded blood pressure at random intervals and provided a total of about 72 readings. "We wanted to capture participants’ blood pressure doing whatever they normally 7 in everyday life. Getting one or two readings in a clinic is not really 8 of the fluctuations that occur throughout the day," Holt-Lunstad said. Overall, happily married people scored four points 9 on the blood pressure readings than single adults. The study also found that blood 10 among married people—especially those in happy marriages 11 more during sleep than in single people. "Research has shown that people whose blood pressure remains high throughout the night are at 12 greater risk of heart disease than people whose blood pressure drops," Holt-Lunstad said. The study was published in the March 20 13 of the journal Annals of Behavioral Medicine. The study also found that unhappily married adults have higher blood pressure than 14 happily married and single adults. Holt-Lunstad noted that married couples can encourage healthy habits in one 15 such as eating a healthy diet and having regular doctor visits. People in happy marriages also have a source of emotional support, she said.
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