Reading involves looking at graphic symbols and formulating mentally the sounds and ideas they represent. Concepts of reading have changed (67) over the centuries. During the 1950’s and 1960’s especially, increased attention has been (68) to defining and describing the reading process. Although specialists agree that reading (69) a complex organization of higher mental (70) , they disagree on the exact nature of the (71) Some experts, who regard language (72) as a code using symbols to represent sounds, (73) reading as simply the decoding of symbols into the sounds they stand (74) . These authorities (75) that meaning, being concerned with thinking, must be taught independently of the decoding process. Others maintain that reading is inexplicably (无法解释地) (76) to thinking, and that a child who pronounces sounds without (77) their meaning is not truly reading. The reader, (78) some, is not just a person with a theoretical ability to read but one who (79) reads. Many adults, although they have the ability to read, have never read a book in its (80) . By some expert they would not be (81) as readers. Clearly, the philosophy, objectives, methods and materials of reading will depend on the definition one uses. By the most (82) and satisfactory definition, reading is the ability to (83) the sound-symbols code of the language, to interpret meaning for various (84) , at various rates, and at various levels of difficulty, and to do (85) widely and enthusiastically. In short reading is the interpretation of ideas through the use of symbols (86) sounds and ideas.
A. completeness
B. entirety
C. integrity
D. entity
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【案例2】背景材料:某管道土方工程中,承包商在合同表明有松软石的地方没有遇到松软石,因此工期提前20天。但在合同中另一未标明有坚硬石的地方遇到更多的坚硬岩石,使开挖土方变得更加困难,没有按预定计划完工,经测算影响工期2个月。由此影响到后续工程不得不在雨季施工,按通常的算法,影响工期1个月。为此,承包商提出索赔。问题:1.该项施工索赔能否成立为什么?2.在工程施工中,通常可以提供的索赔证据有哪些?3.在该索赔事件中,应提出的索赔内容包括哪两方面?
Reading involves looking at graphic symbols and formulating mentally the sounds and ideas they represent. Concepts of reading have changed (67) over the centuries. During the 1950’s and 1960’s especially, increased attention has been (68) to defining and describing the reading process. Although specialists agree that reading (69) a complex organization of higher mental (70) , they disagree on the exact nature of the (71) Some experts, who regard language (72) as a code using symbols to represent sounds, (73) reading as simply the decoding of symbols into the sounds they stand (74) . These authorities (75) that meaning, being concerned with thinking, must be taught independently of the decoding process. Others maintain that reading is inexplicably (无法解释地) (76) to thinking, and that a child who pronounces sounds without (77) their meaning is not truly reading. The reader, (78) some, is not just a person with a theoretical ability to read but one who (79) reads. Many adults, although they have the ability to read, have never read a book in its (80) . By some expert they would not be (81) as readers. Clearly, the philosophy, objectives, methods and materials of reading will depend on the definition one uses. By the most (82) and satisfactory definition, reading is the ability to (83) the sound-symbols code of the language, to interpret meaning for various (84) , at various rates, and at various levels of difficulty, and to do (85) widely and enthusiastically. In short reading is the interpretation of ideas through the use of symbols (86) sounds and ideas.
A. probably
B. likely
C. concretely
D. actually
Reading involves looking at graphic symbols and formulating mentally the sounds and ideas they represent. Concepts of reading have changed (67) over the centuries. During the 1950’s and 1960’s especially, increased attention has been (68) to defining and describing the reading process. Although specialists agree that reading (69) a complex organization of higher mental (70) , they disagree on the exact nature of the (71) Some experts, who regard language (72) as a code using symbols to represent sounds, (73) reading as simply the decoding of symbols into the sounds they stand (74) . These authorities (75) that meaning, being concerned with thinking, must be taught independently of the decoding process. Others maintain that reading is inexplicably (无法解释地) (76) to thinking, and that a child who pronounces sounds without (77) their meaning is not truly reading. The reader, (78) some, is not just a person with a theoretical ability to read but one who (79) reads. Many adults, although they have the ability to read, have never read a book in its (80) . By some expert they would not be (81) as readers. Clearly, the philosophy, objectives, methods and materials of reading will depend on the definition one uses. By the most (82) and satisfactory definition, reading is the ability to (83) the sound-symbols code of the language, to interpret meaning for various (84) , at various rates, and at various levels of difficulty, and to do (85) widely and enthusiastically. In short reading is the interpretation of ideas through the use of symbols (86) sounds and ideas.
A. satisfied
B. granted
C. classified
D. graded
Reading involves looking at graphic symbols and formulating mentally the sounds and ideas they represent. Concepts of reading have changed (67) over the centuries. During the 1950’s and 1960’s especially, increased attention has been (68) to defining and describing the reading process. Although specialists agree that reading (69) a complex organization of higher mental (70) , they disagree on the exact nature of the (71) Some experts, who regard language (72) as a code using symbols to represent sounds, (73) reading as simply the decoding of symbols into the sounds they stand (74) . These authorities (75) that meaning, being concerned with thinking, must be taught independently of the decoding process. Others maintain that reading is inexplicably (无法解释地) (76) to thinking, and that a child who pronounces sounds without (77) their meaning is not truly reading. The reader, (78) some, is not just a person with a theoretical ability to read but one who (79) reads. Many adults, although they have the ability to read, have never read a book in its (80) . By some expert they would not be (81) as readers. Clearly, the philosophy, objectives, methods and materials of reading will depend on the definition one uses. By the most (82) and satisfactory definition, reading is the ability to (83) the sound-symbols code of the language, to interpret meaning for various (84) , at various rates, and at various levels of difficulty, and to do (85) widely and enthusiastically. In short reading is the interpretation of ideas through the use of symbols (86) sounds and ideas.
A. intensive
B. insincere
C. conclusive
D. complicated