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Drug-vaccine therapy may be lifesaver for Deerfield man. Few people survive advanced melanoma, but immune therapy is giving Deerfield resident Douglas Parker a fighting chance. The 46-year-old salesman noticed a mole on his chest three and a half years ago that was found to be cancerous. Doctors removed the mole but didn't get all of the cancer. The cancer spread to other parts of his body, including his liver, where a tumor grew as large as a baseball. Parker took interferon and interleukin-2 to boost his immune system's ability to fight the cancer. The tumor shrank but didn't disappear. In au- gust, 1997, surgeons removed it, along with two-thirds of his liver. Last January, doctors discovered a new tumor on Parker's left adrenal gland(肾上腺). He received an ex- perimenta1 cancer vaccine at the University of Chicago Hospitals, but the vaccine did n' t stop the cancer from spreading to his right adrenal gland.
To augment the vaccine, doctors at Lutheran General Hospital gave Parker a new round of interleukin-2 and interferon. The drug-vaccine combination has shrunk the tumors. And while it's too early to pronounce Parker cured, immune therapy may save his life. "I want to do this to help myself as well as other people who have melanoma," he said.
Immune therapy "ultimately will be a significant change in the way we treat a lot of different cancers," said Dr. Jon Richards of Lutheran General Hospital in Park Ridge, who is testing cancer vaccine on melanoma patients. "It will be an equal partner with the other three treatments in the next five to ten years." Several drugs that bolster the immune system have been approved, and vaccines are being tested in dozens of clinical trials, including several in the Chicago area.Many of the experimental vaccines have been tested on patients with advanced melanoma who have little chance of surviving with conventional treatments alone. Researchers also have begun doing work that could lead to vaccines to treat prostate, lung, colon and other cancers.
Immune therapy alone won't cure cancer. But when used after conventional treatments, it could kill cancer cells that survive surgery, radiation or chemotherapy, re- searchers said.Some day, vaccines also might be able to prevent certain cancers. It may be possible to vaccinate against viruses and bacteria that help cause cervical, liver and stomach cancer, the National cancer Institute said.
The "fourth weapon" cures cancer by______.
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A Biological Clock
Every living thing has what scientists call a biological clock that controls behavior. The biological clock(1)plants when to form. flowers and when the flowers should open. It tells insects when to(2)the protective cocoon (防护卵袋) and fly away, and it tells animals and human beings when to eat, sleep and wake.
Events outside the plant and animals(3)the action of some biological clocks. Scientists recently found, for example, that a tiny animal changes the color of its fur because of the(4)of hours of daylight. In the short(5)of winter, its fur becomes white. The fur becomes gray brown in(6)in the longer hours of daylight in summer.
Inner signals control other(7)clocks. German scientists found that some kind of internal clock seems to order birds to begin their long migration(8)twice each year, Birds(9)from flying become restless when it is time for the trip,(10)they become calm again when the time of the flight has ended.
Scientists say they are beginning to learn which(11)of the brain contain biological clocks. An American researcher, Martin Moorhead, said a small group of cells near the front of the brain(12)to control the timing of some of our actions. These(13)tell a person when to wake, when to(14), and when to seek food. Scientists say there probably are other biological clock cells that(15)other body activities.
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甲股份有限公司申请股票上市，已知其注册资本为5亿元人民币，其公开发行的股份最少应当达到公司股份总数的10%。 ()
Telecommuting-substituting the computer for the trip to the job-has been hailed as a solution to all kinds of problems related to office work.
Far workers it promises freedom from the office, less time wasted in traffic, and help with child-care conflicts, For management, telecommuting helps keep high performers on beard, minimizes tardiness and absenteeism by eliminating commutes, allows periods of solitude for high concentration tasks, and provides scheduling flexibility. In some areas, such as Southern California and Seattle, local governments are encouraging companies to start telecommuting programs in order to reduce rush-hour congestion and improve air quality.
But these benefits do not come easily. Making a telecommuting program work requires careful planning and an understanding of the differences between telecommuting realities and popular images.
Many workers are seduced by rosy illusions of life as a telecommuter. A computer programmer from New York City moves to the tranquil Adirondack Mountains and stays in contact with her office via computer. A manager comes in to his office three days a week and works at home the other two. An accountant stays home to care for her sick child and does office work between calls to the doctor.
These are powerful images, but they are a limited reflection of reality. Telecommuting workers soon learn that it is almost impossible to concentrate on work and care for a young child at the same time. Before a certain age, young children cannot recognize the necessary boundaries between work and family. Additional child support is necessary if the parent is to get any work done.
Management, too, must separate the myth from reality. Although the media has paid a great deal of attention to telecommuting, in most cases it is the employees' situation, not the availability of technology that precipitates a telecommuting arrangement.
That is partly why, despite the widespread press coverage, the number of companies with work-at-home programs or policy guidelines remains small.
Which of the following is not mentioned as a problem related to office work？
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