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Directions: You are a senior student at Beijing Union University, majoring in computer science. You are preparing to take the national examination for the postgraduates next year. Write a letter to Prof Wang, expressing your hope to attend his English Writing class.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead You do not need to write the address.
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Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
TextMusic is an important way of expressing people’s feelings and emotions． The (26) , for instance, from 1960 to 1969 will be (27) by many as a period of social and political un- rest in America． (28) this time, many people despaired (29) the music favored by the American teenagers． (30) ,we must now admit that the music they loved was (31) a sign of the period and a (32) of the tensions and changes that were (33) American society． In the early sixties, (34) about social justice and equality were (35) by the song "Blowing in the Wind" which (36) the civil rights song "We Shall Overcome"． The conflict concerning military (37) in Vietnam was sung about in 1965 in the (38) song "Eve of Destruction" and in the song "Ballad of the Green Beret"． A few years (39) ,a gradual shift in mood became (40) in one of the most popular songs which suggested calmer questions and possible answers even as some pop stars protested loudly (41) the draft． Finally, music as a (42) of the political and social process in America was highlighted at Wood-stock, New York, where half a million young people came (43) in 1969 to spend three days listening to songs that spanned the decade． This event was a symbol of the desire for (44) within a time of unrest． Woodstock was a (45) of hope in days of rage．
Everybody loathes it, but everybody does it A recent poll showed that 20% of Americans hate the practice. It seems so arbitrary, after all. Why does a barman get a tip, but not a doctor who saves lives In America alone, tipping is now a $ 16 billion-a-year industry. Consumers acting rationally ought not to pay more than they have to for a given service. Tips should not exist. So why do they The conventional wisdom is that tips both reward the efforts of good service and reduce uncomfortable feelings of inequality. The better the service, the bigger the tip. Such explanations no doubt explain the purported origin of tipping--in the 16th century, boxes in English taverns carried the phrase "To Insure Promptitude" (later just "TIP") . But according to new research from Cornell University, tipping no longer serves any useful function. The paper analyses data from 2, 327 groups dining at 20 different restaurants. The correlation between larger tips and better service was very weak: only a tiny part of the variability in the size of the tip had anything to do with the quality of service. Customers who rated a meal as "excellent" still tipped anywhere between 8% and 17% of the meal price. Tipping is better explained by culture than by economics. In America, the custom has become institutionalized: it is regarded as part of the accepted cost of a service. In a New York restaurant, failing to tip at least 15% could well mean abuse from the waiter. Hairdressers can expect to get 15-20%, the man who delivers your groceries＄2. In Europe, tipping is less common; in many restaurants, discretionary tipping is being replaced by a standard service charge. In many Asian countries, tipping has never really caught on at all. How to account for these national differences Look no further than psychology. According to Michael Lynn, the Cornell paper’s co-author, countries in which people are more extrovert, sociable or neurotic tend to tip more. Tipping relieves anxiety about being served by strangers. And, says Mr. Lynn, "In America, where people are outgoing and expressive, tipping is about social approval, ff you tip badly, people think less of you. Tipping well is a chance to show off." Icelanders, by contrast, do not usually tip-a measure of their introversion, no doubt. While such explanations may be crude, the hard truth seems to be that tipping does not work. It does not benefit the customer. Nor, in the case of restaurants, does it actually stimulate the waiter, or help the restaurant manager to monitor and assess his staff. Service people should "just be paid a decent wage" which may actually make economic sense. We can get the information from the article that_______.
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