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Some Things We Know about Language Many things about language are a mystery, and many will always remain so. But some things we do know. First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language, no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another. Furthermore, in historical times, there has never been a race of men without a language. Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped, who are, as we say, uncivilized, but the languages they speak are not primitive. In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing. This has not always been well understood; indeed, the direct contrary has often been stated. Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate. Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises. Study has proved this to be nonsense. There are, or were, hundreds of American Indian languages, and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old. They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with, but they are no more primitive than English and Greek. A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate. That is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language. Finally, we know that language changes. It is natural and normal for language to change; the only languages which do not change are the dead ones. This is easy to understand if we look backward in time. Change goes on in all aspects of language. Grammatical features change as do speech sounds, and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly. Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language. In the second paragraph the author thinks that ______.

A. some backward race doesn’t have a language of its own
B. some race in history didn’t possess a language of its own
C. any human race, whether backward or not, has a language
D. some races on earth can communicate without language

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A New Citizenship Test1 Last week, a sample of the new US citizenship (公民身份) exam was released by the US Citizenship and Immigration Services (US-CIS). It will be tried out in 10 cities early next year to replace the current test in 2008. Instead of asking how many stripes the US flag has, as the current test does, the new one asks why there are 13 stripes. Instead of having to name the branches of government, an applicant is asked to explain why there are three.2 "The goal is to make it more meaningful," explains Emilio Gonzalez, director of the US-CIS. Immigrants who pass it are expected to have a better "understanding and respect" for US civic (公民的) values, Gonzalez says.3 The US isn’t the only country dealing with citizenship tests that aim to get a "shared commitment" from immigrants for their adopted country’s "values". In recent years, in addition to the usual requirement of language/work skills and economic status, several European countries have adopted citizenship tests. Britain introduced a new citizenship test last November. In March, a new Dutch law took effect requiring all would-be immigrants to take a citizenship test. It involved watching a video showing nude (裸体的) women bathing at beaches and gay (同性恋的) men kissing in public. The aim was to ensure that "newcomers will be comfortable with the country’s liberal social mores (风俗)".4 Europe has been known for welcoming immigrants for decades. But, today, the fact is that some immigrants are kept apart from local citizens by culture and they become hostile to each other. Promoting integration has become a major concern for European countries, after the rioting in Muslim ghettoes (少数民族聚居区 ) in France and the killing of Dutch public figures by religious extremists.5 Officials believe that a person’s attachment to a country can be tested by his or her knowledge of the country. However, some critics say that the changes can do little to help people assimilate (同化) themselves. "Immigration is a culture war today. Is giving a new test the right way to lessen the accusations in that fight" says Ali Noorani , of the Massachusetts Immigrant and Refugee Advocacy Coalition (难民辩护联盟). Paragraph 3 ______

患者，女，26岁，已婚未育，因葡萄胎行刮宫术后3个月，阴道流血不尽，时少时多，少量阴道流血20天。妇科检查：阴道左侧壁见1cm直径紫蓝色结节，子宫较正常子宫略大。血β-HCG高于正常，超出正常妊娠水平。患者接受化疗方案进行治疗。在为该病人化疗时，以下护理中哪项是错误的选项( )

A. 鼓励患者进食，进食有营养、易消化的食物
B. 定时巡视病人
C. 化疗中均有体重减轻症状，化疗药物剂量不要调整
D. 注意病人的情绪波动，适时的给予心理安慰
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A New Citizenship Test1 Last week, a sample of the new US citizenship (公民身份) exam was released by the US Citizenship and Immigration Services (US-CIS). It will be tried out in 10 cities early next year to replace the current test in 2008. Instead of asking how many stripes the US flag has, as the current test does, the new one asks why there are 13 stripes. Instead of having to name the branches of government, an applicant is asked to explain why there are three.2 "The goal is to make it more meaningful," explains Emilio Gonzalez, director of the US-CIS. Immigrants who pass it are expected to have a better "understanding and respect" for US civic (公民的) values, Gonzalez says.3 The US isn’t the only country dealing with citizenship tests that aim to get a "shared commitment" from immigrants for their adopted country’s "values". In recent years, in addition to the usual requirement of language/work skills and economic status, several European countries have adopted citizenship tests. Britain introduced a new citizenship test last November. In March, a new Dutch law took effect requiring all would-be immigrants to take a citizenship test. It involved watching a video showing nude (裸体的) women bathing at beaches and gay (同性恋的) men kissing in public. The aim was to ensure that "newcomers will be comfortable with the country’s liberal social mores (风俗)".4 Europe has been known for welcoming immigrants for decades. But, today, the fact is that some immigrants are kept apart from local citizens by culture and they become hostile to each other. Promoting integration has become a major concern for European countries, after the rioting in Muslim ghettoes (少数民族聚居区 ) in France and the killing of Dutch public figures by religious extremists.5 Officials believe that a person’s attachment to a country can be tested by his or her knowledge of the country. However, some critics say that the changes can do little to help people assimilate (同化) themselves. "Immigration is a culture war today. Is giving a new test the right way to lessen the accusations in that fight" says Ali Noorani , of the Massachusetts Immigrant and Refugee Advocacy Coalition (难民辩护联盟). A Preparation for taking a citizenship test B Citizenship tests in European countries C Importance of promoting integration D Necessity to know the branches of government E Different views on the new citizenship test F Goal of the new citizenship test 23. Paragraph 2 ______

某盐场2005年10月生产液体盐25万吨，其中5万吨直接对外销售，15万吨继续加工成固体盐10万吨，当月售出7万吨。另外，该盐场还外购液体盐4万吨加工成固体盐2.7万吨(外购液体盐已纳资源税)，当月全部售出。已知该盐场固体盐的单位税额为10元/吨，液体盐(含外购)的单位税额为4元/吨。要求：计算该盐场当月应该缴纳的资源税税额。