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Although there are many skillful Braille readers, thousands of other blind people find it difficult to learn that system. They are thereby shut (1) from the world of books and newspapers, having to (2) on friends to read aloud to them.A young scientist named Raymond Kurzweil has now designed a computer which is a major (3) in providing aid to the (4) .His machine, Cyclops, has a camera that (5) any page, interprets the print into sounds, and then delivers them orally in a robot-like (6) through a speaker. By pressing the appropriate buttons (7) Cyclops’s keyboard, a blind person can "read" any (8) document in the English language.This remarkable invention represents a tremendous (9) forward in the education of the handicapped. At present, Cyclops costs $ 50,000. (10) , Mr. Kurzweil and his associates are preparing a smaller (11) improved version that will sell (12) less than half that price. Within a few years, Kurzweil (13) the price range will be low enough for every school and library to (14) one. Michael Hingson, Director of the National Federation for the Blind, hopes that (15) will be able to buy home (16) of Cyclops for the price of a good television set.Mr. Hingson’s organization purchased five machines and is now testing them in Maryland, Colorado, Iowa, California, and New York. Blind people have been (17) in those tests, making lots of (18) suggestions to the engineers who helped to produce Cyclops."This is the first time that blind people have ever done individual studies (19) a product was put on the market," Hingson said. "Most manufacturers believed that having the blind help the blind was like telling disabled people to teach other disabled people. In that (20) , the manufacturers have been the blind ones. 10（）
注册会计师应该对执行业务过程中获悉的商业秘密保密。请回答：在下列情况下，注册会计师是否违反了对客户的保密义务，并简要分析原因。 (1)ABC股份有限公司2003年申请股票上市，聘请东方会计师事务所执行上市审计业务，注册会计师甲参与了该审计项目。2003年12月，完成审计业务，出具审计报告。2004年甲通过买卖该公司股票获利35万元。 (2)注册会计师在对ABC股份有限公司审计过程中，聘请厂电子设备的专家协助完成审计工作。该专家不小心泄漏了该公司的商业机密。 (3)法院对涉及ABC股份有限公司的案件展开调查，调查过程中向东方会计师事务所取证。会计师事务所未征得ABC股份有限公司的同意，向法院提交审计过程中取得的相关证据。
(由单选和多选组成。) 某日化厂为增值税一般纳税人，2005年8月发生以下业务： (1) 生产成套化妆品礼品盒1000套全部售出，不含税销售单价为每套90元，外购原材料7万元，取得增值税发票，注明税款11900元； (2) 三八妇女节发给本厂职工一批化妆品，该企业无同类产品价格，该批化妆品成本为1万元，成本利润率为10%； (3) 将自产的化妆品，向某美容院长期投资，该产品生产成本6万元，成本利润率10%，本企业无同类产品销售价格； (4) 本月进口一批化妆品，关税完税价格1.4万元，关税税率为500%。消费税税率为30%。 根据上述资料回答下列问题： 该企业销售产品应纳的增值税和消费税合计为( )。
Will humans always be superior to machinesThis statement actually consists of a series of three related claims: (1) machines are tools of human minds; (2) human minds will always be superior to machines; and (3) it is because machines are human ’tools that human minds will always be superior to machines. While I concede the first claim, whether I agree with the other two claims depends partly on how one defines "superiority," and partly on how willing one is to humble oneself to the unknown future scenarios.(41) After all, would any machine even exist unless a human being invented it Of course not. Moreover, I would be hard-pressed to think of any machine that cannot be described as a tool. Even machines designed to entertain or amuse us—for example, toy robots, cars and video games, and novelty items—are in fact tools, which their inventors and promoters use for engaging in commerce and the business of entertainment and amusement.(42) And, the claim that a machine can be an end in itself, without purpose or utilitarian function for humans whatsoever, is dubious at best, since I cannot conjure up even a single example of any such machine.(43) As for the statement’s second claim, in certain respects machines are superior. We have devised machines that perform number-crunching and other rote cerebral tasks with greater accuracy and speed than human minds ever could. However, if one defines superiority not in terms of competence in performing rote tasks but rather in other ways, human minds are superior. Machines have no capacity for independent thought, for making judgments based on normative considerations, or for developing emotional responses to intellectual problems.(44)Up until now, the notion of human-made machines that develop the ability to think on their own, and to develop so-called "emotional intelligence," has been pure fiction. Besides, even in fiction we humans ultimately prevail over such machines—as in the cases of Frankenstein’s monster and Hat, the computer in 2001: A Space Odyssey. Yet it seems presumptuous to assert with confidence that humans will always maintain their superior status over their machines. In other words, machines will soon exhibit the traits to which we humans attribute our own superiority.(45) And insofar as humans have the unique capacity for independent thought, subjective judgment, and emotional response, it also seems fair to claim superiority over our machines. Besides, should we ever become so clever a species as to devise machines that can truly think for themselves and look out for their own well-being, then query whether these machines of the future would be "machines" anymore.[A] Recent advances in biotechnology, particularly in the area of human genome research, suggest that within the twenty-first century we’ll witness machines that can learn to think on their own, to repair and nurture themselves, to experience Visceral sensations, and so forth.[B] The statement is clearly accurate insofar as machines are tools of human minds.[C] In sum, because we devise machines in order that they may serve us, it is fair to characterize machines as "tools of human minds."[D] It’s hardly surprising that human-made machine can do the most works that belong to human before.[E] In fact, it is because we can devise machines that are superior in these respects that we devise them--as our tools—to begin with.[F] When we develop any sort of machine we always have some sort of end in mind—a purpose for that machine. 45（）
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